“…However, the direction of this developmental association remains unclear. Consistent with SDT, some studies have shown that intrinsic motivation predicts achievement and learning behaviors in mathematics (Areepattamannil, Freeman, & Klinger, ; Gottfried, ; Murayama, Pekrun, Lichtenfeld, & vom Hofe, ; Spinath, Spinath, Harlaar, & Plomin, ), but others did not (Bouffard, Marcoux, Vezeau, & Bordeleau, ; Marsh, Trautwein, Lüdtke, Koller, & Baumert, ). A few other studies found that intrinsic motivation and achievement in mathematics are reciprocally related over time (Aunola et al., ; Henderlong Corpus, McClintic‐Gilbert, & Hayenga, ; Koller, Baumert, & Schnabel, ; Luo, Kovas, Haworth, & Plomin, ; Viljaranta et al., ).…”