Intrinsic risk factors for exercise-related injuries among male and female army trainees

Abstract

injuries because of the requirement for physical fitness and and with higher body mass index were at greater injury because of the amount of disability to soldiers from injuries risk than other men, as were the shortest women. We associated with training. Likewise, the civilian community conclude that female gender and low aerobic fitness requires a better understanding of the short-term risks of measured by run times are risk factors for training exercise. This is especially true because the Department of injuries in army trainees, and that other factors such as Health and Human Services has established that increased prior activity levels and stature may affect men and fitness and physical activity are to be among the nation's women differently, health promotion objectives for the year 2000."This study was the first in a series of studies; as such, it was viewed as a hypothesis-generating study. Its purpose Musculoskeletal injury rates are high in military recruit was to examine the association between several potential popuhestrenuous.Texeses hih rthes vigerallphy scar attribud intrinsic risk factors (i.e., characteristics of individuals) and to the strenuous exercises and other vigorous physical acthe occurrence of injuries to male and female recruits during army entry training. The risk factor categories examined

Stress fracture in military recruits: gender differences in muscle and bone susceptibility factors

“…In both genders, those who do not fracture have significantly larger bone crosssectional geometries, indicative of stronger bones. Fracture cases of both genders have smaller thigh muscles and, consistent with other reports, 14 are less physically fit than noncases. Higher fitness levels and larger muscles in controls imply that bone geometric differences are an adaptation response to physical conditioning prior to the initiation of basic training.…”

“…In elite military training programs, exercise conditions can be considered to be reasonably uniform yet consistently a small fraction of trainees suffer stress fractures, and presumably these individuals have biomechanical differences that heighten their susceptibility. Because stress fractures are also more common in females 7,14 this would suggest that there may be gender differences in those susceptibility factors.…”

“…It has been reported that stress fracture cases are relatively less physically fit. 14 Because fitness also influences muscle strength, it is conceivable that there may also be a muscle factor in stress fracture susceptibility. Not only are skeletal loading forces mainly mediated through muscle contraction, 4 but certain muscle groups function to oppose bending and torsional stresses under load.…”

Evaluation of a Program to Identify and Pre-Condition Trainees With Low Physical Fitness: Attrition and Cost Analysis

“…It does suggest that Individuals of similar aerobic fitness levels have similar injury and BCT graduation rates while individuals of lower aerobic fitness have higher injury rates and less success at BCT graduation. This has also been demonstrated in other studies (5,6,7,13,18,19,22,26). To demonstrate the effectiveness of the FAP a more appropriate study design would be to take a group of individuals who fail the entry-level physical fitness test and put 14 into the FAP and send 34 directly to BCT (without FAP training).…”

Incidence of Injury and Physical Performance Adaptations During Military Training

“…8 Many military strength studies have focused on upper body strength, so their relevance to injuries that are primarily located in the lower extremities 3,5,[13][14][15] is probably low. Studies on injury incidence during military training have primarily focused on overall accumulative injury rate, 3,5,14 but some studies have related injury rate to the initial training status, 13,[16][17][18] although they address different aspects of injury (acute or overuse).…”