Intrinsic Risk Factors for the Development of Achilles Tendon Overuse Injury

Mahieu, Nele; Witvrouw, Erik; Stevens, Veerle; Tiggelen, Damien Van; Roget, Philippe

doi:10.1177/0363546505279918

Cited by 224 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…24 A more recent study prospectively identified that decreased plantar flexion torque as tested on an isokinetic dynamometer (30°/s and 120°/s) with the knee extended was a discriminating factor between Belgium military recruits who developed (n = 10) and those who did not develop (n = 59) Achilles tendinopathy during 6 weeks of basic training. 79 At 30°/s and 120°/s, the uninjured group generated 17.7 and 11.1 more Nm, respectively, when compared to the group that ultimately developed Achilles tendinopathy. 79 Because this study focused on male military recruits, this finding may be specific to young individuals with low plantar flexion strength levels (50 Nm) pretraining.…”

Section: Abnormal Subtalar Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…79 At 30°/s and 120°/s, the uninjured group generated 17.7 and 11.1 more Nm, respectively, when compared to the group that ultimately developed Achilles tendinopathy. 79 Because this study focused on male military recruits, this finding may be specific to young individuals with low plantar flexion strength levels (50 Nm) pretraining. In other work, Silbernagel and colleagues 118 reported that subjects with Achilles tendinopathy (n = 42) had a decreased capacity to perform a maximal concentric heel raise, as well as a maximal eccentric-concentric heel raise, when comparing the affected to the unaffected or least affected side (when the pathology was present bilaterally).…”

Section: Abnormal Subtalar Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Abnormal dorsiflexion range of motion, either decreased 51 or increased, 79 has been associated with a higher incidence or risk of Achilles tendinopathy. In a 2-year prospective study, Kaufman et al 51 found that less than 11.5° of dorsiflexion, measured with the knee extended, increased the risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy by a factor of 3.5, when compared to those who exhibited between 11.5° and 15° of dorsiflexion.…”

Section: Dorsiflexion Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a 2-year prospective study, Kaufman et al 51 found that less than 11.5° of dorsiflexion, measured with the knee extended, increased the risk of developing Achilles tendinopathy by a factor of 3.5, when compared to those who exhibited between 11.5° and 15° of dorsiflexion. In a similar study, Mahieu et al 79 prospectively examined intrinsic risk factors associated with developing Achilles tendinopathy in a group of 69 military recruits. The authors identified that subjects with increased dorsiflexion range of motion (9°) were at a heightened risk for developing Achilles tendinopathy.…”

Section: Dorsiflexion Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…60 Decreased Plantar Flexion Strength Decreased plantar flexion strength has been associated with Achilles pathology. 79,86,118 McCrory et al 86 noted a 4-Nm difference in isokinetic plantar flexion strength when comparing the strength of a healthy group of runners to the unaffected ankle in a group of injured runners. While statistically significant, it is unlikely that a 4 Nm difference is clinically important.…”

Section: Abnormal Subtalar Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Achilles Pain, Stiffness, and Muscle Power Deficits: Achilles Tendinitis

Carcia

Martin²,

Houck³

et al. 2010

Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy

118

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The Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association presents this sixth set of clinical practice guidelines on Achilles pain, stiffness, and muscle power deficits that are characteristic of Achilles Tendinitis. These clinical practice guidelines are linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The purpose of these practice guidelines is to describe evidence-based orthopaedic physical therapy clinical practice and provide recommendations for (1) examination and diagnostic classification based on body functions and body structures, activity limitations, and participation restrictions, (2) interventions provided by physical therapists, (3) and assessment of outcome for common musculoskeletal disorders. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010:40(9):A1–A26. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0305

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Section: Abnormal Subtalar Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Abnormal Subtalar Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Dorsiflexion Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dorsiflexion Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Abnormal Subtalar Range Of Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Achilles Pain, Stiffness, and Muscle Power Deficits: Achilles Tendinitis

Carcia

Martin²,

Houck³

et al. 2010

Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Is adiposity an under‐recognized risk factor for tendinopathy? A systematic review

Gaida¹,

Ashe²,

Bass³

et al. 2009

Arthritis & Rheumatism

167

132

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Objective. Tendon injuries have been reported to occur more frequently in individuals with increased adiposity. Treatment also appears to have poorer outcomes among these individuals. Our objective was to examine the extent and consistency of associations between adiposity and tendinopathy. Methods. A systematic review of observational studies was conducted. Eight electronic databases were searched (Allied and Complementary Medicine, Biological Abstracts, CINAHL, Current Contents, EMBase, Medline, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and citation tracking was performed on included reports. Studies were included if they compared adiposity between subjects with and without tendon injury or examined adiposity as a predictor of conservative treatment success. Results. Four longitudinal cohorts, 14 cross-sectional studies, 8 case-control studies, and 2 interventional studies (28 in total) met the inclusion criteria, providing a total of 19,949 individuals. Forty-two subpopulations were identified, 18 of which showed elevated adiposity to be associated with tendon injury (43%). Sensitivity analyses indicated a clustering of positive findings among studies that included clinical patients (81% positive) and among case-control studies (77% positive). Conclusion. Elevated adiposity is frequently associated with tendon injury. Published reports suggest that elevated adiposity is a risk factor for tendon injury, although this association appears to vary depending on aspects of study design and measurement. Adiposity is of particular interest in tendon research because, unlike a number of other reported risk factors for tendon injury, it is somewhat preventable and modifiable. Further research is required to determine if reducing adiposity will reduce the risk of tendon injury or improve the results of treatment.

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Ankle proprioception and functional performance in patients with Achilles tendinopathy

Zhang,

Zhao,

Wang

et al. 2024

European Journal of Sport Science

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The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in ankle plantar flexion proprioception and lower extremity function between Achilles tendinopathy (AT) patients and healthy controls. 17 patients with midportion AT (age 22.0 ± 3.0, 7 females, and 10 males) and 17 healthy controls (age 21.5 ± 2.1, 7 females, and 10 males) were recruited. The following tests were performed randomly: the ankle plantar flexion active movement extent discrimination assessment (AMEDA), weight‐bearing lunge test (WBLT), single leg hop test, figure‐of‐eight hop test, Y Balance Test (YBT), and lower extremity functional test (LEFT). Group comparisons were made between the AT and healthy groups, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the ability of tests to differentiate between participants with and without AT. Results showed that the AT group performed significantly worse in the ankle proprioception test (p = 0.016), single leg hop test (p = 0.001), figure‐of‐eight hop test (p < 0.001), unilateral LEFT (p = 0.001), and LEFT injury risk score (p = 0.001) than healthy controls. No significant between group difference was found in WBLT and YBT. Diagnostic analysis showed that the AMEDA (p = 0.018), single leg hop test (p = 0.003), figure‐of‐eight hop test (p = 0.002), and LEFT (p = 0.001) could differentiate between patients with AT and the healthy individuals. The current study demonstrated that ankle proprioception and functional performance involving explosive jump are impaired in patients with AT, suggesting poorer dynamic neuromuscular function and a higher risk of lower limb injury in this population, and furthermore, these tests should be considered in the assessment for AT.

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Intrinsic Risk Factors for the Development of Achilles Tendon Overuse Injury

Cited by 224 publications

References 57 publications

Achilles Pain, Stiffness, and Muscle Power Deficits: Achilles Tendinitis

Achilles Pain, Stiffness, and Muscle Power Deficits: Achilles Tendinitis

Is adiposity an under‐recognized risk factor for tendinopathy? A systematic review

Ankle proprioception and functional performance in patients with Achilles tendinopathy

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