Intrinsic self-healing rubber: A review and perspective of material and reinforcement

Sani, Noor Faezah Mohd; Yee, Hor Joe; Othman, Nadras; Talib, Anuar Abd; Shuib, Raa Khimi

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2022.107598

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Under longitudinal compression the material exhibits an elastic behavior up to a 27% compression, after which it exhibits a plastic behavior, see Figure 5 B. The Young’s modulus calculated from the slope of the linear portion of the stress vs. strain curve is 8.4 × 10 −4 GPa; this value places the material in the category of rubber-like materials [ 39 ]. We note that the elastic properties of the composite can change as a function of drying time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Composites with Variable Conductivity and Memory of Deformation Obtained by Polymerization of Polyaniline in PVA Hydrogel

Honciuc¹,

Solonaru²,

Teodorescu³

2022

Polymers

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Flexible materials that provide an electric, magnetic, or optic response upon deformation or tactile pressure could be important for the development of smart monitors, intelligent textiles, or in the development of robotic skins. In this work we demonstrate the capabilities of a flexible and electrically conductive polymer material that produces an electrical response with any deformation, namely the electrical resistance of the material changes proportionally with the deformation pressure. Furthermore, the material exhibits a memory effect. When compressed beyond the elastic regime, it retains the memory of the plastic deformation by increasing its resistance. The material was obtained by in situ polymerization of semiconducting polyaniline (PANi) in a polyvinyl alcohol/glycerol (PVA/Gly) hydrogel matrix at −17 °C. Upon drying of the hydrogel, an elastomer composite is obtained, with rubber-like characteristics. When compressed/decompressed, the electrical resistance of the material exhibits an unusually long equilibration/relaxation time, proportional with the load applied. These phenomena indicate a complex relaxation and reconfiguration process of the PANi/PVA elastomer matrix, with the shape change of the material due to mechanical stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Composites with Variable Conductivity and Memory of Deformation Obtained by Polymerization of Polyaniline in PVA Hydrogel

Honciuc¹,

Solonaru²,

Teodorescu³

2022

Polymers

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“…The suture of a wound can be faster by the shape memory effect than by physical flow that can be accelerated by heat or other stimuli. 41–43 However, we will not discuss shape memory SHP in detail as it is beyond the scope of our current review.…”

Section: Underlying Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healing polymers for surface scratch regeneration

Ahmed,

Jeong,

Kim

et al. 2023

RSC Adv.

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“…In contrast, noncovalent bonding methods, including hydrogen bonds, , ionic interactions, metal–ligand interactions, and host–guest recognition, show better commercialization prospects in SHR construction because their healing behaviors can be easily triggered by light, magnetic, pH, and thermal . Unfortunately, the mechanical properties of rubber synthesized by this method are poor, while the incorporation of common fillers such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and cellulose nanocrystals would cause a strong interaction between the fillers and the rubber chain, thus reducing the self-healing ability of rubber materials . These are because the self-healing behavior of rubber depends on a flexible and dynamic reversible cross-linking network, while the mechanical properties depend on a rigid and stable covalent cross-linking network, making it difficult to obtain both desired properties simultaneously …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Slow-Release Coated Nitrogen Fertilizer with High Water Retention Based on Core–Shell-Structured Self-Healing Supramolecular Networks

Zhang,

Yuan

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Rubber can improve the mechanical properties of the coated nitrogen fertilizers (CNFs), but the biomass components cause holes in the urea release process, thus accelerating the release of urea. In this study, a self-healing rubber (SHR) shell/hydrogel core based on a supramolecular network was fabricated as a coating material for CNFs to improve the above problems. The core of CNFs consists of vanillin(Van)-cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) hydrogel, prepared by a freeze−thaw cycle. The shell of CNFs was prepared by soaking Van-cross-linked natural rubber (NR)/chitosan (CS)/PVA material in Zn 2+ solution. A green core− shell structured CNF with hydrogen bonding and metal coordination was finally prepared, which has improved the mechanical properties, slow-release effect, and soil water retention capacity of the CNF. The effects of CS and PVA contents and the impregnation of Zn 2+ on the physical and chemical properties of the SHR supramolecular composite and its self-healing ability were investigated, and the urea release kinetics were analyzed. The CNFs could reach release equilibrium in water for 10 days, with a slow-release rate of 62.7%, and the urea release kinetics were in accordance with the Korsmeyer−Peppas model (R 2 ≥ 0.90), with a possible release mechanism of Fickian diffusion.

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Intrinsic self-healing rubber: A review and perspective of material and reinforcement

Cited by 34 publications

References 137 publications

Flexible Composites with Variable Conductivity and Memory of Deformation Obtained by Polymerization of Polyaniline in PVA Hydrogel

Flexible Composites with Variable Conductivity and Memory of Deformation Obtained by Polymerization of Polyaniline in PVA Hydrogel

Self-healing polymers for surface scratch regeneration

Green Slow-Release Coated Nitrogen Fertilizer with High Water Retention Based on Core–Shell-Structured Self-Healing Supramolecular Networks

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