Introdução

Abstract

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Social Experiences, Discrimination, and Violence among Men Who Have Sex with Men in a Northern Brazilian Capital

“…In this same discussion, we can consider the hypothesis that individuals who belong to the MSM population end up being socially marginalized in multiple social and cultural contexts [ 52 ]. The scenario observed in Belém, Pará, is permeated by an association of factors that may predispose MSM to stigma and various types of violence since most individuals fit a socio-epidemiological profile of vulnerability, including being of brown/black ethnicity, having low education, and living in conditions of high socio-economic vulnerability, that contributes to stigma and prejudice [ 2 , 52 ].…”

“…Violence in Brazil has been part of nation building, especially the aggression suffered by natives, enslaved black people, and other minority populations with the colonization process contributing to racism and negatively impacting the social ascension of such groups and their descendants [ 1 ]. There is still a great socio-economic asymmetry between white and black people in Brazil [ 2 ]. Regarding the number of murders among young people, a significant number of victims are black or mixed race and live in the outskirts of large cities and in socio-economic conditions of high vulnerability [ 3 , 4 ].…”

“…Regarding the number of murders among young people, a significant number of victims are black or mixed race and live in the outskirts of large cities and in socio-economic conditions of high vulnerability [ 3 , 4 ]. In this context, it is necessary to emphasize the triple prejudice that people may suffer when they are black/brown, poor, and from the outskirts, which may hinder their access to quality education, better jobs, social ascension, and escape from a discriminatory and violent environment [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”