Assessment for Learning (AfL), which refers to the use of formative assessment to assess students' learning progress (Lee, 2016), has recently become a major focus in the English language education reform in Asia-Pacific regions, and Hong Kong is no exception (Curriculum Development Council [CDC], 2017). However, attempts to bring AfL to fruition have yet to gain traction (Lee & Coniam, 2013), due to the high-stakes examinations in English as a foreign language (EFL) contexts which result in misalignment between the objectives, pedagogy, and assessment of the curriculum, especially when creative genres like literary texts are involved (Carless, 2011). In this vein, reforms aiming to promote process-oriented pedagogies need to step away from summative assessments that emphasize accurate understanding of the knowledge learnt. This has led to a call for alternative modes of assessment which harmonize with the pedagogies advocated in the reforms. Such contextualized assessment opportunities are viewed as more valid ways of assessing students' progress because assessment is embedded within teacher instruction and normal classroom activities. This form of assessment also allows the use of assessment data for enhancing students' learning, hence echoing the spirit of AfL. As such, recent years have witnessed the growing popularity of adopting performance-based assessment (PBA) in language lessons, which appears to be a plausible candidate to this end (Fulcher, 2012).Built on the premise of AfL, PBA is student-centered as it "involves the active engagement of students in setting goals for their learning and growth, monitoring their progress towards these goals, and determining how to address the gaps" (Andrade et al., 2012, p. 8) and nurtures students to become self-regulated, self-monitoring, and autonomous learners (Lee, 2016). Adopting feedback as an aid to encourage students' reflective responses, PBAThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.