Introducing Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst and its non-timber forest product, frankincense

Gebrehiwot, Kindeya; Muys, Bart; Haile, M; Mitloehner, R

doi:10.1505/ifor.5.4.348.22661

Cited by 60 publications

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“…In Eritrea and northern Ethiopia, natural regeneration of B. papyrifera is poor (Ogbazghi 2001;Gebrehiwot 2003;Gebrehiwot et al 2003;Eshete, Teketay & Hulten 2005;Ogbazghi et al 2006b). The present study has demonstrated that tapping plays an important role in this phenomenon.…”

Section:         mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its economic importance, B. papyrifera is a threatened species in Eritrea. The natural Boswellia woodlands have been and are being converted into agricultural fields, while low production of viable seeds, uncontrolled livestock grazing and recurrent droughts hinder the natural regeneration in the remaining stands (Ogbazghi 2001;Gebrehiwot 2003;Gebrehiwot et al . 2003;Ogbazghi et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of tapping for frankincense on sexual reproduction in Boswellia papyrifera

Rijkers

Ogbazghi

Wessel

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Ecology

101

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Summary1. In the Horn of Africa, frankincense (an aromatic hardened wood resin) is obtained by tapping Boswellia papyrifera . World-wide, frankincense is of great economic and social importance as an important element of incense and perfumes. The production is declining as a result of poor natural regeneration of the Boswellia woodlands, possibly as a result of the low production of viable seeds. We hypothesize that this is because of the current intensive tapping regime, which might favour allocation of carbohydrates for synthesis of resin at the expense of allocation for generative growth. 2. Investigations were carried out at sites in different agro-ecological zones with annually tapped trees and with trees that had not been tapped for several years. Seed viability and germination success were determined for 200 randomly collected seeds in each site. For three stands, the sexual reproduction (number of flowers, fruits and seeds) was determined for different sized trees subjected to three experimental tapping intensities (no, normal and heavy tapping). 3. At the stand level, non-tapped trees produced three times as many healthy and filled seeds as tapped trees. Germination success was highest in stands with non-tapped trees (> 80%) and lowest for those with tapped trees (< 16%). 4. At the tree level, sexual reproduction decreased with increasing tapping regime irrespective of tree size. Overall, large trees tended to produce slightly heavier seeds than small trees, and seeds from non-tapped trees were heavier than those from tapped trees. In the stands where tapping was prohibited changes in tapping regimes had the greatest effect on sexual reproduction. Trees subjected to annual tapping always showed the lowest sexual reproduction. 5. Synthesis and applications. Tapping for frankincense results in limited flower and fruit production, and low production of mainly non-viable seeds in B. papyrifera . We argue that tapping causes competition for carbohydrates between frankincense production, and fruit and seed setting. Consequently, the current tapping regimes will cause tree exhaustion and eventually a decline in vitality. Tapping may potentially reduce natural regeneration of the species. New tapping regimes are suggested that include periods of time in which tapping is prohibited in order for trees to recover and replenish their stored carbon pool, and a reduction in the number of tapping points per tree. This is important in view of the long-term sustainability of frankincense production, an internationally highly valued resource.

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Section:         mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of tapping for frankincense on sexual reproduction in Boswellia papyrifera

Rijkers

Ogbazghi

Wessel

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Ecology

101

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“…Title page 1 This study was designed to assess the perspectives of (assisted) limits the water holding capacity and the root space significantly (Goris, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seedling mortality causes recruitment limitation of Boswellia papyrifera in northern Ethiopia

Negussie

Aerts

Gebrehiwot

et al. 2008

Journal of Arid Environments

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“…(Rock et al, 2004), mas também de partes vegetativas como raízes (Larsen, 2002;Plowden et al, 2003), compostos secundários (e.g. resinas) (Gebrehiwot et al, 2003), cascas (e.g., Gaoue & Ticktin, 2008), caules (Ghimire et al, 2005) e folhas (quando a coleta retira a maior parte das folhas) (Endress et al, 2006).…”

Section: Tamanho Populacionalunclassified

Efeitos ecológicos da exploração de produtos florestais não madeireiros: uma revisão sistemática

Brites

Morsello

2016

Desenvolv. Meio Ambiente

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Artigo recebido em 16 de novembro de 2015, versão final aceita em 23 de abril de 2016. RESUMO:A comercialização de produtos florestais não madeireiros (PFNM) é considerada estratégia que combina o desenvolvimento socioeconômico com baixo impacto ambiental. Porém, evidências demonstram que a exploração desses recursos pode provocar efeitos ecológicos negativos. Este estudo identificou os efeitos mais frequentes por meio de revisão sistemática de estudos empíricos, previamente submetidos a quatro critérios de inclusão e depois classificados conforme o tipo de PFNM explorado e os efeitos da exploração sobre 15 parâmetros em diferentes escalas biológicas. Os resultados indicaram que efeitos ecológicos negativos são frequentes, especialmente para a extração de cascas e folhas em grandes volumes, embora no curto prazo os efeitos possam ser nulos ou positivos. Os parâmetros mais frequentemente afetados foram: tamanho populacional; alterações nas partes vegetais; distribuição de classes de tamanho; probabilidade média de sobrevivência e riqueza de espécies. A constatação de que a atividade pode provocar efeitos ecológicos significativos evidencia a necessidade de sistemas de monitoramento e manejo.Palavras-chave: recursos florestais; efeitos ecológicos; extrativismo; revisão. ABSTRACT:Trade of non-timber forest products (NTFP) is a strategy that combines socioeconomic development with activities of low environmental impact. However, evidence suggests that harvesting these resources can produce negative ecological effects. This article identified the most common effects through a systematic literature review of empirical studies. Articles were previously evaluated against four criteria of inclusion, and were then classified according to the plant part harvested and the effects on 15 parameters at different levels of the biological organization. The results indicated that negative ecological effects are common, especially when harvesting barks and leaves in large volumes, although null and positive effects may also be observed. The parameters most frequently affected were population size; modifications in plant parts; age structure; probability of survival, and species richness. The evidence that NTFP harvest can cause significant ecological impacts calls for a need of monitoring and management systems.

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Introducing Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst and its non-timber forest product, frankincense

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of tapping for frankincense on sexual reproduction in Boswellia papyrifera

The effect of tapping for frankincense on sexual reproduction in Boswellia papyrifera

Seedling mortality causes recruitment limitation of Boswellia papyrifera in northern Ethiopia

Efeitos ecológicos da exploração de produtos florestais não madeireiros: uma revisão sistemática

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