Introducing mungbean as a preceding crop to enhance nitrogen uptake and yield of rainfed rice in the north-east of Thailand

Suriyakup, Porntip; Polthanee, Anan; Pannangpetch, K.; Katawatin, Roengsak; Mouret, Jean-Claude; Clermont-Dauphin, Cathy

doi:10.1071/ar06309

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…The use of legumes in rotations or as intercrops could complement or replace fertiliser inputs (Garg & Geetanjali, 2007). The beneficial effects of legumes on associated nonlegumes have been well documented (McDonagh et al, 1995;Phoomthaisong et al, 2003;Polthanee & Trelo-ges, 2003;Suriyakup et al, 2007). Legumes can also be integrated into existing maize-based cropping systems as relay crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘To Adopt or not to Adopt?’ Legume Adoption in Maize‐Based Systems of Northern Thailand: Constraints and Potentials

2016

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A considerable growth in the maize (Zea mays L.) sector in Southeast Asia has resulted in a rapid expansion and intensification of maize monoculture on sloping uplands. This practice entailed the heavy use of fertilisers, leading to environmental degradation and farmers' indebtedness. Intercropping of legumes with maize could complement or replace fertiliser inputs; however legume adoption by smallholder maize farmers remains low. This study investigates the constraints and potentials to integrate legumes in maize‐based cropping systems in such environments. A comparative study between maize monocropping and maize/legume relay cropping was carried out in two villages of Thailand, using surveys, participatory rural appraisal (PRA) tools and interviews. The results demonstrated that both cropping systems were equally profitable, although the maize yield in maize/legume relay cropping was lower than that in monocropping. Low selling price was the most cited reason by the non‐adopters for not introducing legumes. Selling price of legume grains, ease of harvesting, marketability and ease of growing were the four main criteria that determined the adopters' choice of legume species. Among the cultivated legumes, ricebean (Vigna umbellata L.) best fulfilled the criteria for the choice of legume species. Establishing maize/legume relay cropping as an alternative to maize monocropping under rainfed conditions can decrease risks, due to reduced expenses for farm inputs and similar economic returns. This study generated useful information for agricultural policy makers and development practitioners in identifying the barriers and facilitating factors that influence farmers' decision to adopt legumes and the conditions that shape the farmers' decision‐making environment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘To Adopt or not to Adopt?’ Legume Adoption in Maize‐Based Systems of Northern Thailand: Constraints and Potentials

2016

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A Qualitative Evaluation of CSA Options in Mixed Crop-Livestock Systems in Developing Countries

Thornton

Rosenstock

Förch³

et al. 2017

Natural Resource Management and Policy

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The mixed crop-livestock systems of the developing world will become increasingly important for meeting the food security challenges of the coming decades. The synergies and trade-offs between food security, adaptation, and mitigation objectives are not well studied, however. Comprehensive evaluations of the costs and benefits, and the synergies and trade-offs, of different options in developing-country mixed systems do not exist as yet.Here we summarise what we know about the climate smartness of different alternatives in the mixed croplivestock systems in developing countries, based on published literature supplemented by a survey of experts. We discuss constraints to the uptake of different interventions and the potential for their adoption, and highlight some of the technical and policy implications of current knowledge and knowledge gaps.

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Weedy fallow as an alternative strategy for reducing nitrogen loss from annual cropping systems

Wortman

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Nitrogen loss from croplands is a major environmental problem with human health and ecosystem consequences. Cover crops are planted during the fallow period between cash crops to provide a number of ecosystem services and are a popular tool for nitrogen reduction. Unfortunately, on-farm adoption of cover crops in the USA is limited to less than 2 % of land area in most regions. Naturally occurring weeds, if left unmanaged between cash crops (i.e., "weedy fallow"), may provide similar ecosystem services (e.g., nitrogen reduction) as cover crops. To test this hypothesis, a metaanalysis of 17 studies was conducted to compare potential nitrogen loss (inorganic soil nitrogen or leachate nitrogen) from fallow annual cropping systems managed with cover crops, weeds, and bare soil. A potential nitrogen loss response ratio (e.g., leachate nitrogen from bare soil relative to weedy fallow) was determined for independent paired observations in each study, and factors influencing nitrogen loss across all studies were determined with 95 % bootstrap confidence intervals and meta-regression analysis. Results suggest that potential nitrogen loss from croplands is 60 % greater in bare soil compared to weedy fallow fields. Cover crops further reduced potential nitrogen loss by 26 % compared to weedy fallow, and the nitrogen reduction potential of cover crops (relative to weedy fallow) likely increases with greater biomass accumulation of the cover crop. While cover crops were more effective in mitigating potential nitrogen loss, weedy fallow may provide greater net benefits on a regional scale if there were fewer barriers to farmer adoption. The weedy fallow strategy for nitrogen reduction has several potential pitfalls (e.g., propagation of noxious or herbicide-resistant weedy species), but this meta-analysis demonstrates that fallow weeds provide an important ecosystem service and policy-makers should consider revising conservation incentive programs accordingly. Keywords Cover crops. Conservation agriculture. Nitrogen leaching. Water quality. Winter weeds Contents 1. Introduction 2. Meta-analysis methods 2.1. Article search and selection criteria 2.2. Data extraction and analysis 3. Results and Discussion 3.1. Weedy fallow and cover crops reduce potential nitrogen loss 3.2. Increasing vegetative biomass may reduce potential nitrogen loss 3.3. Options for increasing the benefits of weedy fallow 3.4. Limitations of weedy fallow 3.5. Policy implications and potential impact of weedy fallow 4. Conclusion * Sam E. Wortman

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Introducing mungbean as a preceding crop to enhance nitrogen uptake and yield of rainfed rice in the north-east of Thailand

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

‘To Adopt or not to Adopt?’ Legume Adoption in Maize‐Based Systems of Northern Thailand: Constraints and Potentials

‘To Adopt or not to Adopt?’ Legume Adoption in Maize‐Based Systems of Northern Thailand: Constraints and Potentials

A Qualitative Evaluation of CSA Options in Mixed Crop-Livestock Systems in Developing Countries

Weedy fallow as an alternative strategy for reducing nitrogen loss from annual cropping systems

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