Introducing the concept of modern depression in Japan; an international case vignette survey

Kato, Takahiro A.; Shinfuku, Naotaka; Fujisawa, Daisuke; Tateno, Masaru; Ishida, Tetsuya; Akiyama, Tsuyoshi; Sartorius, Norman; Teo, Alan R.; Choi, Tae Young; Wand, Anne; Balhara, Yatan Pal Singh; Chang, Jong Sun; Chang, Rita Yuan Feng; Shadloo, Behrang; Ahmed, Helal Uddin; Lerthattasilp, Tiraya; Umene-Nakano, Wakako; Horikawa, Hideki; Matsumoto, Ryohei; Kuga, Hironori; Tanaka, Masuo; Kanba, Shigenobu

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.030

Cited by 42 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Essentially, we have attempted to approach one of the controversial features of people with MTD. However, because the discussion about MTD is limited in its description of the variety of syndromes compromising MTD (Kato et al, 2011) and there is still no agreement about the common cognitive and behavioral features of MTD, we were unable to describe directly a protagonist in our vignette as a "typical" person with MTD. Instead, we excluded descriptions of symptoms of depression to differentiate from melancholic depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a social background that makes us ask such a research question; that is, the appearance of "modern type depression (MTD)" in Japan (e.g., Kato et al, 2011;Tarumi, 2005). Having been reported since the late 1990s, the MTD has been widely noticed by not only Japanese clinicians but also by the general population, as the MTD has different features from those of the traditional and well-known type depression (i.e., melancholic depression) (Note 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insisting on Depression, but not Showing Symptoms: A Japanese Study of Excuse-Making

Yamakawa¹,

Sakamoto²

2015

IJPS

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Since the late 1990s, Japanese psychiatrists have reported the appearance of a Modern Type Depression (MTD), which has different features from melancholic depression. Using a case vignette method, we looked at one of the distinctive features of MTD; that is, "insisting on depression". In particular, we examined whether the statement "I think I may have depressive disorder" can be accepted as an excuse for not fulfilling ones' duty when one does not show any symptoms of depressive disorder. Participants comprised 344 Japanese undergraduates who were presented with a short scenario describing social predicaments and who subsequently assessed the excuse value in terms of impression and behavioral reaction on the transgressor. Results showed that even though the transgressor did not show any symptoms of depressive disorder, insisting that one may have depressive disorder seemed to be accepted. Additionally, consistent with Weiner's cognitive (attribution)-emotion-action model, the more positive impressions observers have on the transgressor, the more they are motivated to react kindly to the transgressor. Some unexpected findings and limitations of the present study were discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insisting on Depression, but not Showing Symptoms: A Japanese Study of Excuse-Making

Yamakawa¹,

Sakamoto²

2015

IJPS

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“…As a consequence of these prototypic and traditional perceptions of utsu‐byo , a subtype called ‘modern‐type depression’ (MTD) has been identified, and is severely stigmatized in Japan these days. As described in a recent treatment guideline for MTD and a literature review of MTD, contents of symptoms of MTD (e.g., depressed mood) are not substantially different from those of traditional‐type depression (TTD).…”

Section: The Present Study: How Cultural Contexts Affect Perceptions mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, these studies showed that MTD is characterized by patients’ unique personality traits and specific patterns of how their symptoms are expressed in their lives. People with MTD are characterized by mood reactivity and interpersonal sensitivity and are said to express their depressive symptoms mainly during work . They are also said to hate social norms, prioritize their own convenience, and are willing to see psychiatrists by themselves to take leaves of absence for medical treatment .…”

Section: The Present Study: How Cultural Contexts Affect Perceptions mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of traditional and modern types of depression: A cross‐cultural vignette survey comparing Japanese and American undergraduate students

Kashihara

Yamakawa

Kameyama

et al. 2019

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim Depression is a heterogeneous disorder that has various subtypes. In Japan, however, a prevailing misunderstanding is that the term utsu‐byo (clinical depression) indicates only the melancholic type. Consequently, a subtype called ‘modern‐type depression’ (MTD), which has contrasting features to those of melancholic or traditional‐type depression (TTD), is severely stigmatized in Japan these days. The present study conducted a cross‐cultural comparison of perceptions of TTD and MTD between Japan and the USA to examine how the Japanese collectivistic culture contributes to negative biases toward MTD. Methods Undergraduate students in Japan (N = 303) and the Midwestern USA (N = 272) completed the survey. They read two vignettes that described the conditions of fictional individuals with either TTD or MTD, and then reported their perceptions of each vignette. Results Mixed analyses of variance revealed significant interactions between nation (Japan or the USA) and vignette (TTD or MTD) on most perception items. These interactions and subsequent analyses with Bonferroni corrections mainly indicate the following: (i) Japanese are more likely to suppose that conditions of MTD are milder compared with TTD; and (ii) Japanese are more likely to hold stronger aversive attitudes and weaker willingness to provide support toward people with MTD than toward those with TTD. Conclusion These results indicate that people with MTD are more likely to be accepted in the US independent culture than in the Japanese collectivistic culture. Discussion highlights that cultural diversity education potentially reduces stigma of MTD in Japan.

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“…Although psychological theories of depression already exist (e.g., Abramson, Alloy, & Metalsky, 1990), these theories implicitly assume that depression is of the melancholic type. Thus, a Tarumi (2005), Tarumi & Kanba (2005), and Kato et al (2011). new theory is needed to explain MTD, which has different features to melancholic depression; Sakamoto, Yamakawa, and Muranaka (2014) proposed a new psychological theory attempting to explain the onset of MTD. According to this theory, a certain type of personality interacts with interpersonal stressors (i.e., negative evaluations from others), which then produces depressive symptoms similar to MTD.…”

Section: Individual Differences In Mtd: Interpersonal Sensitivity (Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of Interpersonal Cognition in People with High Interpersonal Sensitivity and Privileged Self: Personality Features of “Modern-Type” Depression

Sakamoto¹,

Muranaka²,

Yamakawa³

2017

PSYCH

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Since the 1990s, "modern-type" depression (MTD), which has different features from melancholic depression, has been reported and has become a mental health problem in Japan. Although psychological studies of MTD are very limited, previous studies have proposed Interpersonal Sensitivity (IS) and Privileged Self (PS) as personality features of MTD. IS and PS are measured by the Interpersonal Sensitivity/Privileged Self Scale (IPS), and the present study examined correlations of IPS scores with several personality scales to clarify the interpersonal cognition tendencies of people with high IS and PS. A total of 439 Japanese undergraduates participated in the study, answering several questionnaires including the IPS. Results showed that people with high IS scores were inclined to be concerned with how they were seen by others, tended to take notice of others, and had a weaker sense of independent self, but a stronger sense of interdependent self. These characteristics are thought to be common in anxiety as well as melancholic depression. People with high PS scores were more likely to disregard others and showed higher tendencies to dogmatism and a diffuse/avoidant identity style, which may be unique in MTD.

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Introducing the concept of modern depression in Japan; an international case vignette survey

Cited by 42 publications

References 10 publications

Insisting on Depression, but not Showing Symptoms: A Japanese Study of Excuse-Making

Insisting on Depression, but not Showing Symptoms: A Japanese Study of Excuse-Making

Perceptions of traditional and modern types of depression: A cross‐cultural vignette survey comparing Japanese and American undergraduate students

Features of Interpersonal Cognition in People with High Interpersonal Sensitivity and Privileged Self: Personality Features of “Modern-Type” Depression

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