Introduction

Larsen, Hanne Hartvig

doi:10.4135/9781446280065.n1

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Teeth are a valuable and durable source of infonnation for anthropological research based, on the one hand, on their abundance and excellent preservation in the fossil record (e.g., Butler, 1963;Larsen and Kelley, 1991). The scope of den tal anthropology ranges from ecological studies (e.g., Molnar, The origin of H. sapiens, our relationship with H. neander thalensis, and the identification of our last common ancestor is still an open debate (e.g., Benmidez de Castro et aI., 1997;Fo1ey and Labr, 1997;Labr and Fo1ey, 1998;Rightrnire, 1998;Stringer and Hub1in, 1999;Stringer, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A geometric morphometric analysis of hominin upper first molar shape

Gómez‐Robles

Martinón‐Torres

Castro

et al. 2007

Journal of Human Evolution

155

174

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Recent studies have revealed interesting differences in upper first molar morphology across the hominin fossil record, particularly significant between H. sapiens and H. neanderthalensis. Usually these analyses have been performed by means of classic morphometric methods, including the measurement of relative cusp areas or the angles defined between cusps. Although these studies have provided valuable information for the morphological characterization of some hominin species, we believe that the analysis of this particular tooth could be more conclusive for tax onomic assignment. In this study, we have applied geometric morphometric methods to explore the morphological variability of the upper first molar (Ml) across the human fossil record. Our emphasis focuses on the study of the phenetic relationships among the European middle Pleis tocene populations (designated as H. heidelhergensis) with H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens, but the inclusion of Australopithecus and early Homo specimens has helped us to assess the polarity of the observed traits. H. neanderthalensis presents a unique morphology characterized by a relatively distal displacement of the lingual cusps and protrusion in the external outline of a large and bulging hypocone. This morphology can be found in a less pronounced degree in the European early and middle Pleistocene populations, and reaches its maximum expression with the H. neanderthalensis lineage. In contrast, modern humans retain the primitive morphology with a square occlusal polygon associated with a round external outline.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A geometric morphometric analysis of hominin upper first molar shape

Gómez‐Robles

Martinón‐Torres

Castro

et al. 2007

Journal of Human Evolution

155

174

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“…Processing of the results of "Fishbone" technology application to practical training in higher mathematics was carried out using statistical methods [12]. Tables 2 -3 sum- marize the main statistical characteristics of the test results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the “Fishbone” Technology in the Organization of Independent Work of Students in Higher Mathematics

Ustinova

Подберезина

Shefer

2017

Interactive Collaborative Learning

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Abstract. Formation of a creative personality able to self-development, selfeducation, and innovative activity is the main objective of graduate education. In this regard, a special attention should be paid to the organization of independent work of students in a university educational process management. One of the most recognized types of independent work of students is a functional conspectus. "Fishbone" technology (a type of functional conspectus) is a method of cause-effect relationships structural analysis, which allows developing students' skills to work with information and their ability to formulate and to solve the problems. This paper deals with the application of this technology to the practical work on higher mathematics in order to increase the efficiency of the organization of independent work of students. Thus we have two objectives: first, to test the effectiveness of "Fishbone" technology in the organization of independent work, and second, to explore the possibility of using this technology in the higher mathematics university course. Comparative analysis of the test results of students who were trained with "Fishbone" technology application and without it demonstrates that its use can significantly increase the level of new information assimilation (in 19.8438%). Therefore, in future work we plan to consider applying other types of functional conspectus, such as insert, text markings, clusters, conceptual table and Bloom's chamomile to the course of higher mathematics in order to compare their efficiency in the organization of independent work of students and identify the most productive of them.

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“…Dental morphological studies analyze data from observations of standardized morphological characteristics found on the crown surfaces of teeth, such as shovel shaped incisors and Carabelli's trait (Scott and Turner 1988;Turner et al 1991). Tooth morphology is largely under genetic control, and is less affected by environmental factors than many other tissue systems (Larsen and Kelley 1991;Scott and Turner 1997). Also, information gathered from teeth can be compared across space and time, a benefit difficult to replicate using DNA or blood group studies (Irish 1993;Scott and Turner 1997).…”

Section: Observational Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodistances Among Mexica, Maya, Toltec, and Totonac Groups of Central and Coastal Mexico

et al. 2013

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Migration patterns in pre-European contact Mexico were complex. Studies using dental morphological data have successfully detected microevolutionary patterns of biological affinity between local populations in other areas of the world. We compare Classic and Postclassic dental samples from four cultural groups from adjacent regions in Mexico to illuminate local population differences among the Toltecs, Mexica, Totonacs, and Maya. We calculated pseudo Mahalanobis D 2 distances using observations of 12 dental traits to compare models for how culture group, geography, and time may have structured interpopulation relationships. Cluster analysis and principal components analyses of pairwise population distances suggest that phenetic similarities best reflect differences among cultural groups. Additionally, dental morphological trait data are robust with regard to interobserver error and sensitive enough to detect phenetic distance over relatively small time and space dimensions in Mexico. These results encourage expanding the study to more sites, regions, and temporal periods, and augurs well for future investigations that seek to trace past migration patterns in Mexico.Key words: Biological distance, pre-European contact Mexico, dental morphological traits. En México, los patrones de migración previos al contacto con los europeos eran complejos. Los estudios que utilizan datos morfológicos dentales han logrado detectar exitosamente micropatrones evolutivos de afinidad biológica entre las poblaciones locales y aquellas en otras zonas del mundo. Comparamos muestras dentales de los períodos Clásico y Postclásico de cuatro grupos culturales de las regiones adyacentes a México para ilustrar las diferencias locales entre los toltecas, los mexicas, los totonacas, y los mayas. Hemos calculado las seudodistancias de Mahalanobis

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Introduction

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

A geometric morphometric analysis of hominin upper first molar shape

A geometric morphometric analysis of hominin upper first molar shape

Application of the “Fishbone” Technology in the Organization of Independent Work of Students in Higher Mathematics

Biodistances Among Mexica, Maya, Toltec, and Totonac Groups of Central and Coastal Mexico

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