“…As Mari Hvattum and Anne Hultzsch have argued, nineteenth-century architectural print culture, with its variety of publications, was fundamental both in the public and professional discourse on architecture. 11 Together with the development of architectural associations, education, competitions, exhibitions, and study trips, publications helped construct an independent discipline. The art of professionalisation was often imitated from Germany, Britain, and France, which also were the model countries for the Netherlands, as they were for many others.…”