Introduction of new formulas and evaluation of the previous red blood cell indices and formulas in the differentiation between beta thalassemia trait and iron deficiency anemia in the Makkah region

Zaghloul, Amal; Albukhari, Talat A.; Bajuaifer, Nada; Shalaby, Maged; AL-Pakistani, H. A.; Halawani, Saeed H.; Teama, Shirin H.; Wassif, Ghada

doi:10.1080/10245332.2015.1133753

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The RDWI had high YI (81.6%). These results are consistent with the findings of other relevant studies who found that the highest YI was obtained for RDWI 69.2%, 83% and 73.8% respectively[23] [24]…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…The highest YI was obtained for MCI (85.9%). The Youden's index considers both sensitivity and specificity and provides an appropriate measure of the overall validity of the index or technique [23]. Matos et al, [6] reported that its sensitivity was 99.3%, Specificity 76.7% and YI was 76.0%, and the evaluation of this index by Arora et al, [22] showed high sensitivity to detect IDA (98.81%), excellent diagnostic accuracy and showing good applicability as screening tool in clinical practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simple Red Cell Indices in Screening and Discrimination of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Beta Thalassemia Trait in Egyptian Patients

Hamed¹,

El-Deen²

2019

OJBD

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Background: The most common causes of microcytic hypochromic anemia are iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and the beta-thalassemia trait (β-TT). The aim of the work is to compare the validity of the various simple indices to differentiate between iron deficiency anemia and β-thalassemia trait. Subjects and methods: A total of 2000 individuals were screened, by complete blood picture, measurement of serum iron, serum ferritin and hemoglobin separation; 224 patients were detected as having hypochromia and microcytosis.Among them 166 cases were IDA and 58 cases were β-TT. We calculated 11 discrimination indices. The number of correctly identified cases were determined, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and Youden's index (YI) of each discrimination index was calculated. Results: The percentage of correctly diagnosed patients is highest for Matos and Carvalho index (MCI) (95.5%) which is closely followed by Red cell distribution width index (RDWI) (93.7%). The third high index was Green and King (GKI) (91.9%). Sensitivity, specificity of MCI for detection of IDA was found 98.8%, 87.9% respectively. For β-TT, sensitivity and specificity was found 86.2% and 98.8% respectively. The YI of MCI was found 85.9%. It is followed by RDWI; its sensitivity and specificity for detection of IDA was found 97.6%, 85.3%. For β-TT, sensitivity and specificity was found 82.7% and 97.6% respectively. The YI of RDWI was 81.6%. Conclusion: Matos and Carvalho index and RDWI are easily available automated cell-count-based indices coming out as good discriminator between IDA and β-TT in our study.

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confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple Red Cell Indices in Screening and Discrimination of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Beta Thalassemia Trait in Egyptian Patients

Hamed¹,

El-Deen²

2019

OJBD

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“…In the present study, the highest YI was obtained for RDWI (83). The YI takes into account both sensitivity and specificity and gives an appropriate measure of the validity of technique 22. In the present study, YI evaluated the discriminating function of the red cell indices and their derived formulae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of beta thalassemia trait from iron deficiency anemia by hematological indices

Jameel¹,

Baig

Ahmed³

et al. 2017

Pak J Med Sci

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Objective:We aimed at finding out reliable parameter in the differentiation of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta-thalassemia trait (β-TT) in the adult population subjected to Saudi Arabian Premarital Screening Program.Methods:A total of 620 adults (age range 21-36 years) reported during February 2012 to November 2012. Tests for serum iron and ferritin were carried out in individuals showing low hemoglobin (Hb). All the selected subjects’ samples were subjected to blood morphology, comparison of MCV, RBC count. Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) was noted from the Coulter Report whereas Red Cell Distribution Width Index (RDWI) value was calculated for all the samples.Results:A total of one hundred &thirty-five individuals with hypochromic microcytic anemia having normal hemoglobin F and hemoglobin A2 < 3.2% were inducted in the study. Ninety-three were diagnosed having IDA, whereas thirty-two were having βTT. Ten individuals revealed other causes of anemia. The RBC count was higher, and MCV was much lower in βTT as compared to IDA. Both groups were subjected to RDW and RDWI, however, RDWI which showed better sensitivity and specificity for βTT.Conclusion:RDWI is a reliable and useful index for differentiation among IDA and βTT, as compared to RDW.

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“…Over the past 50 years a substantial number of studies in different populations attempted to evaluate these formulas or even generate and suggest new ones aimed at finding the most reliable indices or formulas with the highest sensitivity and specificity or predictive value [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] . However, none of the many different indices or formulas provided 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity within their target populations nor was one formula superior to another, within or between populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should sex differences be considered when applying mathematical indices and formulas for discriminating β- thalassemia minor from iron deficiency?

Sirdah

Mghari

Abuzaid

et al. 2018

Practical Laboratory Medicine

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Backgroundβ-thalassemia minor (BTM) and iron deficiency (ID) are common disorders characterized by microcytosis and/or hypochromasia, leading to a challenge in their discrimination during mass-screening programs especially in developing countries where resources are limited. It has been shown with varying reliability that quick exclusion of either disorder could be achieved mathematically using RBC-based indices and formulas. However, none of these proposed indices and formulas considered the sex-based hematological differences. This comparative retrospective study examined the efficacy of using sex-based RBC indices in the mathematical discrimination BTM and ID in adult males and females.MethodsThe CBC of randomly selected eight hundred adults diagnosed with BTM or ID (200M & 200F BTM, and 200M & 200F ID) were used in the comparisons. The discrimination power, in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and Youden index were calculated for all subjects and separately for males and females for 20 mathematical indices and formulas.ResultsData revealed significant differences in the RBC-based indices between males and females for both BTM and ID groups. Significant variation in reliability indicators for the different indices and formulas were discovered between males and females samples.ConclusionSex-based indices and formulas are necessary to improve the reliability in mathematically discriminating between BTM and ID in mass screening programs. We also advocate for a large–scale multicenter study to establish the parameters of such indices and formulas with sex and age.

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Introduction of new formulas and evaluation of the previous red blood cell indices and formulas in the differentiation between beta thalassemia trait and iron deficiency anemia in the Makkah region

Abstract: The England and Fraser and our new formula 1 are the best formulas in men. The England and Fraser and RDW index are the best formulas in women.

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Simple Red Cell Indices in Screening and Discrimination of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Beta Thalassemia Trait in Egyptian Patients

Simple Red Cell Indices in Screening and Discrimination of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Beta Thalassemia Trait in Egyptian Patients

Differentiation of beta thalassemia trait from iron deficiency anemia by hematological indices

Should sex differences be considered when applying mathematical indices and formulas for discriminating β- thalassemia minor from iron deficiency?

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