Introduction of OsglyII gene into Oryza sativa for increasing salinity tolerance

Abstract

Mature seed-derived embryogenic calli of indica rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. PAU201) were induced on semisolid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.5 mg dm -3 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + 0.5 mg dm -3 kinetin + 560 mg dm -3 proline + 30 g dm -3 sucrose + 8 g dm -3 agar. Using OsglyII gene, out of 3180 calli bombarded, 32 plants were regenerated on medium containing hygromycin (30 mg dm -3 ). Histochemical GUS assay of the hygromycin selected calli revealed GUS expression in 50 % calli. Among the regenerants, 46.87 % were GUS positive. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of the transgene of 1 kb in 60 % of independent plants. Further, these plants have been grown to maturity in glasshouse. In vitro screening for salt tolerance showed increase in fresh mass of OsglyII putative transgenic calli (185.4 mg) as compared to control calli (84.2 mg) on 90 mM NaCl after 15 d. When exposed to 150 mM NaCl, OsglyII putative transgenic plantlets showed normal growth while the non-transgenic control plantlets turned yellow and finally did not survive.

Glyoxalase Goes Green: The Expanding Roles of Glyoxalase in Plants

“…Overexpression of a glyoxalase gene, OsGly I , conferred abiotic stress tolerance to NaCl, ZnCl 2 , and mannitol, and improved grain yield in rice [50]. Similarly, overexpression of GLYII in tobacco, rice, and mustard also rendered the plants tolerant to high levels of MG and NaCl [51,52,53,54]. Double transgenic lines of tobacco, overexpressing both GLYI and GLYII , were found to be more tolerant to salinity than plants overexpressing either GLYI or GLYII [51].…”

Epigenetic Control of Plant Cold Responses

“…Higher plants are sedentary organisms which inevitably endure a variety of environmental stresses throughout the life cycle. Abiotic stresses can be atmospheric like cold, heat and UV irradiation; or can also be edaphic like salinity, drought, and heavy metal toxicity (Wani and Gosal, 2011 ; Surekha et al, 2015 ). Of all these, cold stress is regarded as a major environmental factor which limits agricultural expansion and crop productivity in hilly terrains (Sanghera et al, 2011 ).…”

Transcription Factors and Plants Response to Drought Stress: Current Understanding and Future Directions

“…On the other hand, the regulatory class primarily comprises of TFs (AREB, AP2/ERF, NAC, bZIP, MYC, and MYB), signaling protein kinases [mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK), calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPK), receptor protein kinases, ribosomal protein kinases, and transcription regulation protein kinases] and protein phosphatases (phosphoesterases and phospholipase), which synchronize signal transduction and expression of genes during stress responses ( Wani et al, 2013 ). Various desiccation-induced genes have been characterized, including those encoding ABA biosynthetic pathway ( Sah et al, 2016 ), osmo-protectants such as proline, trehalose, mannitol, ectoine, glycine betaine providing tolerance to cellular dehydration ( Wani and Gosal, 2011 ; Yao et al, 2011 ; Varshney et al, 2011 ), cellular enzymes ( Puckette et al, 2007 ), signaling proteins ( Zhu, 2002 ), and TFs ( Mochida et al, 2009 ; Gosal et al, 2010 ). Several of these regulatory genes including TFs were found to play essential roles in multiple abiotic stress responses via regulating downstream stress-responsive genes.…”