Introduction Popular Environmentalism and Social Justice in Latin America

Carruthers, David

doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262033725.003.0001

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Urbanization is occurring more rapidly and on a larger scale in the 'developing' world today than during the prior urban explosion within 'developed' countries; it is closely tied in some cases to industrialization which was (and is) driven by the international division of labor (DeOliveira and Roberts 1996). While there is less quantitative literature on the subject, qualitative accounts suggest that urbanization outside the North may influence fundamentally different social patterns of exposure to environmental hazards (Carruthers 2008).…”

Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring patterns of environmental injustice in the Global South: Maquiladoras in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Grineski

Collins

2008

Popul Environ

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Decades of research in countries of the Global North have revealed distinct environmental injustices whereby industrial hazards tend to be located in poor and minority neighborhoods; few studies have investigated similar relationships between humans and hazards in the Global South. This study uses conventional quantitative environmental justice methodology to investigate spatial relationships between residential socio-demographics and maquiladoras (i.e., final assembly plants) in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. When predicting maquiladora density using percent children and social class in a spatial error regression model, we find that percent children was a positive and significant predictor, while social class was not significant. Adding formal residential development to the model, social class becomes a negative and significant predictor. Formal residential development and percent children are also positive and significant. As is the case in the Global North, relationships between neighborhood characteristics and transnationally operated maquiladoras along the northern border of Mexico are linked to urban development.

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Section: Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring patterns of environmental injustice in the Global South: Maquiladoras in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Grineski

Collins

2008

Popul Environ

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“…4 In Open Veins of Latin America, Galeano (1973) argued that the continent's natural resources have been systematically plundered, contributing to the enrichment of North America and Europe while impoverishing Latin America. The view that the continent has suffered structural exploitation by the global North is shared by many contemporary scholars (for example, Karl 2003;Carruthers 2008;Burbach et al 2013) and finds expression in Miller's environmental history of the continent: 'For much of Latin America's history, the world economy has treated the region as a basket of natural resources that have been packaged and shipped to satisfy the consumption of richer foreign nations' (Miller 2007: 219). Michael Painter has argued that the pressures of export markets in Bolivia have led to 'downwardly spiralling cycles of economic underdevelopment and environmental destruction' (Painter 1995: 134).…”

Section: The Origins Of Rights Of Naturementioning

confidence: 99%

Rights of Pachamama: The emergence of an earth jurisprudence in the Americas

Humphreys

2016

J Int Relat Dev

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Earth jurisprudence represents an alternative approach to the law based on the belief that nature has rights. In this view, a river has the right to flow, species have the right to continue to exist in the wild, and ecosystems have the right to adapt and evolve over time. Proponents of Earth jurisprudence argue that, by treating nature as exploitable resources, contemporary legal systems actively promote environmental harms. Recognising rights of nature, they argue, will transform core values and inspire social changes that promote economic development which respects nature's limits. Since 2006, rights of nature have been recognised by some sub-federal public bodies in the United States and by the governments of Ecuador and Bolivia. This paper sets out to answer two questions. First, what explains the legal recognition of rights of nature in Ecuador and Bolivia? Second, what factors impede a wider adoption and implementation of Earth jurisprudence? Amongst the constraints, it will be argued, is that Ecuador and Bolivia continue to pursue an extractivist economic development model, with assertions of national sovereignty over natural resources tending to prevail over Earth jurisprudence and environmental conservation.

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“…A lack of acknowledgement of the human health consequences of, and an indifference to, the presence of industrially triggered environmental destruction, especially through heavy metals, has created a situation in which the social and economic dynamics present a direct threat to the health of communities throughout Chile. These factors present an environmental injustice, occurring in locations in which people "live, work and play" (Novoting: 2000, in Carruthers, 2008.…”

Section: Mercury Use In Latin Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental health, in its sources, effects, and manifestations, retains a strong link to public health and social justice (Carruthers, 2008). Through such a discourse of the practice of health and social justice, the section expands to re-articulate health and healthcare processes so as to confront the increasing demand for re-imagining constructs of health in an environmentally and ecologically framed movement.…”

Section: Environmental Health: a Multifaceted And Intercultural Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At its most basic state, a biomedical system focuses on supporting health through the management of suffering, pain and illness (Bastien, 1992: 18). In applying Within this context, environmental health and its effects become externalized as not only widespread and uniformly circulated factors, but also within the social structure of many states, as health disparities predominantly affecting marginalized social groups (Carruthers, 2008).…”

Section: Perspectives In Health: a Social Justice Model And An Enviromentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mercury Contamination in the Valparaíso Region of Chile

Sidhu¹

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Cisternas of the Chilean Ministry of Health for their assistance. I am indebted to the support and knowledge that I have received from Marcel Millán and the We Folilche Amuleaiñ Mapuche Community of Valparaíso. They have all provided critical perspectives, encouragement, new ideas, personal contributions and a sincere interest in this project. I must also thank the Chilean National Fisheries Service (SERNA PESCA) for their patience, compliance and help in the process of exporting my samples. To my good friend and field work assistant Jeff Stein, thank you for all the hard work, cooperation and daily inspiration in Chile. I must also thank Asia Neupane for her contributions to my understanding of the fieldwork procedures and thank you to the QAC tutors for their help. Finally thank you to my thesis mentor Davy Knittle for your advice and contributions.

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Introduction Popular Environmentalism and Social Justice in Latin America

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Exploring patterns of environmental injustice in the Global South: Maquiladoras in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Exploring patterns of environmental injustice in the Global South: Maquiladoras in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico

Rights of Pachamama: The emergence of an earth jurisprudence in the Americas

Mercury Contamination in the Valparaíso Region of Chile

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