Introduction: “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly”: Transnational Perspectives on the Extralegal Field

Polese, Abel; Russo, Alessandra; Strazzari, Francesco

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05039-9_1

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The relationships between crime and the state, or more specifically between criminal organizations and governmental institutions or officials, 3 has received scholarly attention in the past decades, with a number of studies detailing how symbiotic relations between those actors -the so-called political-criminal nexus -are at times established and maintained for the benefit of both (e.g., Quinney 1972;Friedrichs 1983Friedrichs , 1998Michalowski 1985;Simon and Eitzen 1982;Barak 1991;Tunnell 1993;Ross 1998Ross , 2000Green and Ward 2000;Williams and Godson 2002;Godson 2003;Tombs 2012;Allum and Gilmour 2019). The political-criminal nexus can give rise to several forms of crime interdependence or 'symbiosis', such as mutualism (when both parts benefit), parasitism (when one part benefits but the other is harmed), or forms of passive assistance (where one party benefits from the other, without helping or harming it much) (Felson 2006), at times creating forms of overlapping regulatory spaces (Polese et al 2019). These studies are of great interest as they reverse and complicate the common belief that the state is a victim of crime, rather than an actor in its own account: by showing the Janus-face of contemporary states and their institutions, they create a real paradox as the state becomes the guardian of its own misdemeanours (Karstedt 2014).…”

Section: The Political-criminal Nexusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unpacking the political-criminal nexus in state-cybercrimes: a macro-level typology

Lavorgna

2023

Trends Organ Crim

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Criminological literature on crime and deviance in cyberspace has boomed in recent years with most studies focusing on computer integrity crimes, computer content crimes and financial cybercrimes, also discussing the opportunity to consider some of these crimes as profit-driven forms of organised crime. The existing literature, however, has not addressed extensively yet the impact of the emergence and proliferation of cyber affordances on forms of state-organized crime – a conceptualization that since the late ‘80 s proved successful in shedding light, among other things, on the relationships among social structures and criminality. Seeking to address this gap, this conceptual contribution focuses on state-cybercrimes, where illegal, harmful or unjust cyber activities are committed for the benefit of a state or its agencies, offering a macro-typology to shed light on how cyber affordances are influencing and transforming the state-crime relations.

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Section: The Political-criminal Nexusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unpacking the political-criminal nexus in state-cybercrimes: a macro-level typology

Lavorgna

2023

Trends Organ Crim

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“…The field of informality has been additionally understood to 'take shape through the neglect, denial or challenge of a formal source of authority and rule-making, including the state and its prerogative to regulate a particular aspect of its social or economic life' (Polese et al 2019:8). Polese et al (2019) point to cases in which state institutions do not regulate a particular exchange and interaction, so citizens mobilize in response to make up for this deficiency. Refugees' accounts presented in this paper point to the value of understanding informal practices as insurgence against state power and involve struggles for emplacements and formalization, under conditions in which the state displaces them and neglects to care for their wellbeing, imposes internal border regimes and threatens them with deportation.…”

Section: Migration Lettersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other instances, members of the group (on an informal level), sell summer cocktails in parks. To this end, the work of SPO needs to be understood as taking place "in spite of the state" (Polese et al 2019) such as when the state does not care sufficiently about people's well-being and racializes them. Consequently citizens intervene and mobilise in order to make up for state neglect and deficiency (Polese et al 2017a;Polese and Morris 2015).…”

Section: Informal Endeavours and Solidaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting Searchers’ Desire for Emplacement in Berlin: Informal Practices in Defiance of an (Im)mobility Regime

Bhimji¹

2021

Migrat. Lett.

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The article traces the ways in which refugees in precarious legal and economic circumstances in Lagers (refugee camps) in Germany participate in informal practices to reverse their displaced positions. More specifically, the paper demonstrates how refugees work in conjunction with a Berlin-based solidarity group in order to find access to informally organized housing outside of the formal bureaucratic state system. The study shows that refugees’ engagement with informal structures must be understood as struggles towards emplacement and formality. Much scholarship has discussed the economic aspects of informality in the global South and post-socialist countries. However, there is little discussion on how refugees may engage in informal practices within the nation-state in order to find emplacement and achieve formality. The article additionally demonstrates how informal acts are co-produced between citizens and refugees in the process of searching and offering of living places outside state defined formal systems. Thus, informality needs to be understood as resistance against displacement, struggles towards emplacement and formality. The study draws on ethnographic data and on-going participation in a Berlin-based grassroots group, Schlafplatzorga, which supports refugees on an informal level with temporary accommodation.

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“…Enforcing new legislation is necessary because, in addition to actions which can already be perceived as illegal when judged by local criminal codes, there are actions which are legal but not necessarily socially acceptable (Polese, Russo, & Strazzari, 2019). The incident of Airiston Helmi is a good example of the latter, as foreign property ownership as such is not a negative phenomenon.…”

Section: Institutional Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging international compliance: Policy implications of a money laundering case

2021

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By conducting a qualitative single case study, we have depicted in this study a suspected case of international money laundering in Finland, and described its consequences in terms of policy changes. The case allowed us to investigate how new anti-money laundering policies emerge over time and thus advance knowledge relevant to formulating effective international business policies. Building on institutional heterogeneity and the co-evolutionary nature of change, we have proposed a new framework depicting emerging international compliance in order to promote understanding of this complex, yet dynamic phenomenon. The literature repeatedly highlights the role of formal policies in mitigating international money laundering, however, we have paid additional attention to unethical business practices and the moral aspect recognised to be important in terms of curbing the problem. This is particularly relevant for MNCs, as they can aid institutional change internationally by spreading ‘company best practices’. We also present the managerial and policy implications of solving moral problems related to money laundering from the perspective of governments, society and organisations.

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Introduction: “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly”: Transnational Perspectives on the Extralegal Field

Cited by 8 publications

References 34 publications

Unpacking the political-criminal nexus in state-cybercrimes: a macro-level typology

Unpacking the political-criminal nexus in state-cybercrimes: a macro-level typology

Supporting Searchers’ Desire for Emplacement in Berlin: Informal Practices in Defiance of an (Im)mobility Regime

Emerging international compliance: Policy implications of a money laundering case

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