Introduction to Atmospheric Simulation Chambers and Their Applications

Kiendler‐Scharr, Astrid; Becker, Karl‐Heinz; Doussin, Jean‐François; Fuchs, Hendrik; Seakins, Paul W.; Wenger, John C.; Wiesen, Peter

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-22277-1_1

A Practical Guide to Atmospheric Simulation Chambers 2023

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22277-1_1

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Introduction to Atmospheric Simulation Chambers and Their Applications

Astrid Kiendler‐Scharr

Karl‐Heinz Becker

Jean‐François Doussin

et al.

Abstract: Atmospheric simulation chambers have been deployed with various research goals for more than 80 years. In this chapter, an overview of the various applications, including emerging new applications, is given. The chapter starts with a brief historical overview of atmospheric simulation chambers. It also provides an overview of how simulation chambers complement field observations and more classical laboratory experiments. The chapter is concluded with an introduction to the different aspects requiring considera… Show more

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Developments at the AURA atmospheric simulation chamber to characterize chamber volume, air mixing, and charging

Iversen,

Bilde,

Pedersen

2024

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Developments at the AURA atmospheric simulation chamber to characterize chamber volume, air mixing, and charging

Iversen,

Bilde,

Pedersen

2024

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Characterization of a new Teflon chamber and on-line analysis of isomeric multifunctional photooxidation products

Löher,

Borrás,

Muñoz

et al. 2024

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The photooxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the troposphere has important implications for air quality, weather, and climate. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms can be achieved by studying these reactions under controlled conditions and analysing the emerging photooxidation products. This requires dedicated laboratory infrastructure as well as sensitive and selective analytical techniques. Here, we constructed a new 300 L indoor Teflon atmospheric simulation chamber as part of the Bayreuth ATmospheric simulation CHambers (BATCH) infrastructure. The chamber was irradiated by a bandpass-filtered solar simulator that enabled experiments with realistic photon fluxes and OH radical concentrations. It was coupled to a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS) and a solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) system for the on-line analysis of the precursor VOC and its oxidation products in the gas phase. As part of the SPME-GC-MS method, multifunctional oxygenated compounds (carbonyls, alcohols, carboxylic acids) were derivatized with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBHA) and N-trimethylsilyl-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide (MSTFA). We designed a permeation source for the on-line addition of internal standards to improve method reproducibility. The joint setup was tested and validated by studying the OH-radical-induced photooxidation of toluene, one of the most abundant aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere. For chamber characterization, we first derived the photolysis rates for several typical toluene products in the irradiated BATCH Teflon chamber (1.77 × 10−8–3.02 × 10−4 s−1). Additionally, wall loss rates were determined empirically (4.54 × 10−6–8.53 × 10−5 s−1) and then parameterized according to fundamental molecular properties. For the cresols, we compiled a weighted calibration factor for the PTR-ToF-MS, taking into account isomer-specific sensitivities as well as the relative distribution as determined by the SPME-GC-MS. The weighted calibration improved the instrumental agreement to 14 %, whereas the PTR-ToF-MS overestimated the sum of the isomers by 31 % compared to the SPME-GC-MS concentrations when using the averaged calibration factor. Thus, the combined data set offered insight into both temporal trends and the isomeric composition. Finally, we conducted six toluene photooxidation experiments to evaluate the ring-retaining first-generation products. Based on the loss-corrected concentrations, we derived formation yields for o-cresol (8.0 ± 1.8 %), m-cresol (0.4 ± 0.1 %), p-cresol (2.4 ± 0.6 %), benzyl alcohol (0.5 ± 0.1 %), and benzaldehyde (4.6 ± 1.7 %) under NOx-free conditions at T = 298 ± 1 K. These yields are consistent with previous studies and therefore serve as proof of concept for our applied methods.

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Introduction to Atmospheric Simulation Chambers and Their Applications

Cited by 2 publications

References 319 publications

Developments at the AURA atmospheric simulation chamber to characterize chamber volume, air mixing, and charging

Developments at the AURA atmospheric simulation chamber to characterize chamber volume, air mixing, and charging

Characterization of a new Teflon chamber and on-line analysis of isomeric multifunctional photooxidation products

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