Introduction to General Approach to Rumen Studies

Czerkawski, J. W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-025486-9.50019-0

Cited by 58 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nonglucogenic ratio (NGR), which mirrors the utilization of VFA, is presented in Table 2. According to the literature the optimal NGR ratio for better VFA utilization is around 3.5; higher values indicate suboptimal use of VFA (25). In the current work, almost all NGR values were below 3.5, which is lower than the control (3.52) and indicates optimum utilization of VFA.…”

Section: Volatile Fatty Acid Productionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Supplementation of rice straw (Oryza sativa) with exogenous fibrolyticenzymes improves in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics

Sujani¹,

Piyasena²,

Seresinhe³

et al. 2017

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Materials and methods Substrate preparationThe substrate (rice straw) was prepared by oven drying (55 °C, 48 h) and grinding to pass through a screen (1 mm). Organic matter and crude protein were analyzed according to the AOAC (8), and fiber fractions were determined following methods described by Van Soest et al. (9). Five hundred milligrams of substrate were used as the sample. Enzymes and dosesThe enzyme products were characterized for the activity of cellulase (CE; E.C.

show abstract

Section: Volatile Fatty Acid Productionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Supplementation of rice straw (Oryza sativa) with exogenous fibrolyticenzymes improves in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics

Sujani¹,

Piyasena²,

Seresinhe³

et al. 2017

Turk J Vet Anim Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Available data are from pure faecal bacterial culture or from rumen contents (mixture of bacteria and protozoa). According to these data, chemical analysis of bacteria shows that fat accounts for 3-20%, protein 27-60% and CHO 5-40% (Luria, 1960;Baldwin, 1970;Czerkawski, 1986). In our study, chemical analysis of bacteria shows that fat accounted for 20 and 37%, protein for 17 and 14% and CHO for 61 and 43% in healthy volunteers and patients with SBC, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Faecal bacterial mass and energetic losses in healthy humans and patients with a short bowel syndrome

Achour¹,

Nancey

Moussata

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: In addition to non-digested nutrients, human stools contain endogenous substrates, among which bacteria are a major component, whose growth may be stimulated when more dietary nutrients are available for bacterial fermentation, as in patients with malabsorption syndrome. We assessed the energy content and composition of both stools and faecal bacteria in healthy volunteers and patients with a short bowel and colon in continuity (SBC). Our goal was to clarify the magnitude of error introduced by the faecal bacteria in the measurement of the digestibility of ingested energy and nutrients. Subjects and methods: We studied six healthy volunteers and six patients with a SBC under free oral intake. The bacterial mass of stools was isolated. In the bacterial fractions and fresh stools, calorie, fat, nitrogen and short-chain fatty acid contents were determined. The Wilcoxon signed rank or the Mann-Whitney tests were used for comparison. Results: In healthy volunteers and patients with SBC, faecal bacterial mass accounted for 44 and 35% of faecal dry weight, and contained 50 and 34% of total faecal energy. In healthy volunteers, the apparent digestibilities when corrected by bacterial constituents (88-97% according to nutrients) were significantly higher than the apparent non-corrected digestibilities (84-94%). In patients with SBC, the corrected apparent digestibilities (69-89% according to nutrients) were significantly higher than the apparent non-corrected digestibilities (54-83%). Conclusion: The error introduced by the faecal bacterial fraction when assessing the extent of nutrient digestibility is small in healthy volunteers; it is more pronounced in patients with SBC, reaching 18% for the digestibility of ingested fat.

show abstract

“…Ethanol is produced by certain species of rumen bacteria (Ruminococcus albus; Czerkawski, 1986) or fungi such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Kung et al, 1997), Orpinomyces joyonii (Kovar et al, 2000) and Pyromyces communis (Julliand et al, 1998) during their carbohydrate metabolism. The amount of ethanol formed in this way is variable and greatly depends on the composition of microflora and carbohydrate content of the ration.…”

Section: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51 2003mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disappearance of ethanol from isolated sheep rumen

Veresegyházy

Fébel

Nagy

et al. 2003

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The absorption of ethanol from the rumen was studied in three British Milk sheep equipped with a rumen cannula. After removal of the rumen content and washing the forestomachs several times the reticulo-omasal orifice was closed and through the cannula 20 or 60 ml ethanol and 2 ml Cr-EDTA were infused in physiological saline. The entire fluid volume was 3000 ml. At the start of the experiment (0 min) and subsequently in the 5th, 15th, 30th, 45th, 60th and 75th minutes samples were taken from the fluid present in the forestomachs. During the 75-min experiment the amount of ethanol gradually decreased in the rumen. The rate of disappearance varied according to concentration. The graph depicting the change of ruminal ethanol concentration shows a curve typical of passive transport. The equation describing the disappearance of ethanol was y = -0.0474x 2 + 5.6544x + 10.869 after the administration of 20 ml ethanol, and y = -0.1377x 2 + 19.541x -24.606 after the infusion of 60 ml ethanol. It was established that ethanol was absorbed through the rumen wall by a passive transport process.

show abstract

Introduction to General Approach to Rumen Studies

Cited by 58 publications

References 0 publications

Supplementation of rice straw (Oryza sativa) with exogenous fibrolyticenzymes improves in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics

Supplementation of rice straw (Oryza sativa) with exogenous fibrolyticenzymes improves in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics

Faecal bacterial mass and energetic losses in healthy humans and patients with a short bowel syndrome

Disappearance of ethanol from isolated sheep rumen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About