Introduction to JINS Special Section: Resilience and Wellness after Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury

Beauchamp, Miriam H.; Yeates, Keith Owen

doi:10.1017/s1355617719000365

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The cognitive reserve model is consistent with the observation that children are resilient against adverse effects such as cancer and its treatment (Rutter, 2013). Resilience theory suggests that survivors can be protected against adverse events by promoting successful adaptation to their negative sequelae (Beauchamp & Yeates, 2019;Rutter, 2013). Both the cognitive reserve model and resilience theory attribute the good outcomes observed among clinical populations to brain plasticity, which facilitates the adaptation of the CNS to changes in the external and internal milieu (e.g., hospitalization, brain tumour, therapies, stress reaction (Anderson et al, 2011;Dennis et al, 2014;Rutter, 2013)).…”

Section: Cognitive and Psychosocial Functioning And Health-related Qusupporting

confidence: 68%

Cognition, psychosocial functioning, and health-related quality of life among childhood cancer survivors

Siegwart

Benzing

Spitzhuettl

et al. 2020

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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Long-term sequelae of cancer and its treatment render childhood cancer (CC) survivors vulnerable to cognitive and behavioural difficulties and likely affect their quality of life (QoL). Our aim was to compare levels of cognition, psychosocial functioning, and health-related QoL of CC survivors to healthy controls and examine the associations between these three domains. Seventy-eight CC survivors (age range = 7-16 years, ≥ one year since cancer treatment) and 56 healthy controls were included. Cognition (i.e., fluid intelligence, executive functions, memory, processing speed, and selective attention), psychosocial functioning, and health-related QoL were assessed using standardized tests and questionnaires. The cognitive performance, parent-reported psychosocial behaviour, and health-related QoL of the CC survivors were within the normative range. However, working memory was significantly poorer in survivors than controls, and visuospatial working memory below the normative range was more commonly observed among survivors than among controls. Processing speed significantly predicted survivors' performance in executive functions. Among survivors, greater peer problems were significantly associated with poorer cognitive functions and health-related QoL. Despite the evidence for good intellectual functioning, which might point towards adequate reserves, in some survivors, domain-specific difficulties may emerge years after cancer relating to psychosocial development and QoL.

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Section: Cognitive and Psychosocial Functioning And Health-related Qusupporting

confidence: 68%

Cognition, psychosocial functioning, and health-related quality of life among childhood cancer survivors

Siegwart

Benzing

Spitzhuettl

et al. 2020

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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“…EC is a promising construct to explore for its clinical implications due to its association with more positive cognitive, adaptive, social, and academic outcomes. Beauchamp and Yeates (2019) also discussed the key distinction between resilience as defined by intrinsic versus extrinsic factors. EC may be a valuable construct to consider as it is an intrinsic factor that can be influenced by extrinsic interventions, such as those that target improving the parent-child relationship or family functioning.…”

Section: Clinical Implications and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the adverse effects of pediatric TBI have been well documented over the past two decades, research on resilience, or positive adaptation in the context of risk or adversity (Masten, 2014), following injury is lacking. This approach would provide important information about what may be predictive of preserved functioning or could be useful in identifying individuals at greatest risk of poor outcomes (Beauchamp & Yeates, 2019). Improving our understanding of protective factors could also help address longstanding recovery questions within the field, such as the well-known heterogeneity of recovery outcomes despite similar injuries (Taylor, 2004) and why some subgroups of those who sustain a severe TBI demonstrate a good recovery but not others (Fay et al, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

More to the story than executive function: Effortful control soon after injury predicts long-term functional and social outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury in young children

Smith-Paine

Moscato

Narad

et al. 2022

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Objective: To examine the impact of early traumatic brain injury (TBI) on effortful control (EC) over time and the relationship of EC and executive functioning (EF) to long-term functional and social outcomes. Method: Parents of children (N = 206, ages 3–7) with moderate-to-severe TBI or orthopedic injuries (OIs) rated EC using the Child Behavior Questionnaire at 1 (pre-injury), 6, 12, and 18 months post-injury. Child functioning and social competence were assessed at 7 years post-injury. Mixed models examined the effects of injury, time since injury, and their interaction on EC. General linear models examined the associations of pre-injury EC and EC at 18 months with long-term functional and social outcomes. Models controlled for EF to assess the unique contribution of EC to outcomes. Results: Children with severe TBI had significantly lower EC than both the OI and moderate TBI groups at each post-injury time point. Both pre-injury and 18-month EC were associated with long-term outcomes. Among those with low EC at baseline, children with moderate and severe TBI had more functional impairment than those with OI; however, no group differences were noted at high levels of EC. EC had main effects on parent-reported social competence that did not vary by injury type. Conclusions: Findings suggest that EC is sensitive to TBI effects and is a unique predictor of functional outcomes, independent of EF. High EC could serve as a protective factor, and as such measures of EC could be used to identify children for more intensive intervention.

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Coping and wellbeing in families with a child with acquired brain injury compared with families in the community

Analytis

Warren

Crichton

et al. 2021

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Introduction to JINS Special Section: Resilience and Wellness after Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Cognition, psychosocial functioning, and health-related quality of life among childhood cancer survivors

Cognition, psychosocial functioning, and health-related quality of life among childhood cancer survivors

More to the story than executive function: Effortful control soon after injury predicts long-term functional and social outcomes following pediatric traumatic brain injury in young children

Coping and wellbeing in families with a child with acquired brain injury compared with families in the community

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