Introduction to requirements for and functions and properties of repair mortars

Balen, Koen Van; Papayianni, I.; Hees, Rob van; Binda, L.; Waldum, Alf

doi:10.1007/bf02479291

Cited by 97 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…It should be noted that the physical and mechanical properties of lime mortars largely depend on the phase and textural/microstructural features of the newly formed CaCO 3 and its evolution as carbonation progresses [20,22]. Therefore, the study of the phase and morphology evolution of CaCO 3 in lime mortars will be crucial for the evaluation of the behavior of these mortars that are gaining a prominent status as compatible materials in the conservation of the built heritage [12,19,21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Carbonation is also crucial in the setting of traditional lime mortars that have been used as a building material since the advent of pyrotechnology ca. 12000 years ago [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. It is also of importance in the long-term durability of concrete, where Ca(OH) 2 , i.e., portlandite, is one of the major phases formed during cement hydration [23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase and morphology evolution of calcium carbonate precipitated by carbonation of hydrated lime

et al. 2012

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Phase and morphology evolution of CaCO 3 precipitated during carbonation of lime pastes via the reaction Ca(OH) 2 ? CO 2 ? CaCO 3 ? H 2 O has been investigated under different conditions (pCO 2 & 10 -3.5 atm at 60 % RH and 93 % RH; pCO 2 = 1 atm at 93 % RH) using XRD, FTIR, TGA, and SEM. Simulations of the pore solution chemistry for different stages and conditions of carbonation were performed using the PHREEQC code to investigate the evolution of the chemistry of the system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase and morphology evolution of calcium carbonate precipitated by carbonation of hydrated lime

et al. 2012

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“…The degradation of building materials of architectural heritage is of much interest among scientists since new restoration materials frequently fail to guarantee compatibility with the ancient masonry and weathered surfaces [1][2]. The investigation on composition, physical properties, uses, production and provenance of ancient construction materials including rocks substrata is of great significance in achieving future effective conservation of ancient monuments [3, and citations therein].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition, uses, provenance and stability of rocks and ancient mortars in a Theban Tomb in Luxor (Egypt)

et al. 2015

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The rock-cut tomb-chapel of Djehuty (Luxor, Egypt, 1470 B.C.) was excavated and restored including a mineralogical, chemical, textural and petrophysical study of mortars and host rocks together with micro-environmental parameter recordings to infer on the techniques used by the ancient Egyptian builders. The host rock is made by alternations of massive, nodular and finely bedded micritic limestone and the tomb was excavated in the stratigraphic section with better mechanical properties. Different types of gypsum and lime mortars were found in the funerary complex: mortar for bedding, exterior render, surface repair and decoration, and interior plaster and coating. Mortars show formulae according to their specific applications and locations. The sources of the mortar raw materials reveal a local provenance. Micro-environmental conditions play an important role in the evolution of the mortar pastes, and determine the current characteristics and stability of mortars. Results from this research will permit to design mortars compatible with conservation in the funerary complex of Djehuty and to define safe micro-environmental conditions for the preservation of such mortars and paintings.

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“…Compatibility with the replacement materials has been discussed extensively in the scientific literature over the past decade (Maravelaki-Kalaitzaki et al 2005;Van Balen et al 2005;Faria et al 2008;Quist 2009;Přikryl et al 2011;Schueremans et al 2011).…”

Section: Prevention and Mitigation Of Decaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomaterials in construction and their sustainability: understanding their role in modern society

Přikryl

Török

Theodoridou

et al. 2016

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Inorganic raw materials, here termed geomaterials, derived from the Earth's crust and used in construction after appropriate processing make a genetically and functionally varied group of mineral resources. Although their basic functions have remained almost unchanged for centuries, some new attributes, meanings and impacts on society are still emerging. Geomaterials for construction were among the first mineral raw materials exploited, processed and used by man. They helped in the development of technological and artistic skills of humankind. Accessibility, workability and serviceability are considered here as their main functional attributes, being connected with man's skills to find their occurrence, extract and process them, and then use them in the correct way. However, serviceability is a more complex functional attribute as it also encompasses durability of a material in construction. Durability, that is the ability to withstand the action of weathering/decay processes, is an expression of the dynamic interactions between material and the surrounding environment encompassing not only gradual adaptation of materials to current environmental conditions, but also interactions between materials in construction, the history of maintenance/conservation of the structure and the impact of a polluted environment. In the modern world, sustainable use of raw materials, specifically those exploited in the largest volumes such as geomaterials for construction, raises questions of reducing extraction of primary resources and thus minimizing impacts on natural systems, and also employment of materials and technologies to produce less emission of deleterious substances in to the atmosphere. Use of secondary materials such as waste produced during extraction of primary raw materials and/or re-use of existing structural elements and re-or down-cycling can be considered as modern approaches to reducing the pressure on primary resources.

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Introduction to requirements for and functions and properties of repair mortars

Cited by 97 publications

References 1 publication

Phase and morphology evolution of calcium carbonate precipitated by carbonation of hydrated lime

Phase and morphology evolution of calcium carbonate precipitated by carbonation of hydrated lime

Composition, uses, provenance and stability of rocks and ancient mortars in a Theban Tomb in Luxor (Egypt)

Geomaterials in construction and their sustainability: understanding their role in modern society

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