Introduction to RNAi and miRNA pathways

Svoboda, Petr

doi:10.14712/9788024643724

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1,042 publications

(1,640 reference statements)

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“…The mechanistical principles of vertebrate miRNA and RNAi pathways were introduced in the first review of this series (Svoboda, 2019) and in further detail elsewhere (Bartel, 2018), I will focus here directly on features of these pathways reported from Annelid and Molluscs taxons, which do not have common model species, which would be investigated in depth like C. elegans or Drosophila. The review is divided into Annelid and Molluscs parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi and miRNA pathways in Annelids and Molluscs

Svoboda¹

2020

Introduction to RNAi and miRNA Pathways

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RNA silencing denotes sequence-specific repression mediated by small RNAs. In metazoa, there are two mechanistically closely related pathways: RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA (miRNA) pathway. The miRNA pathway regulates endogenous protein-coding gene expression and has been implicated in many biological processes. RNAi generally serves as a form of innate immunity targeting viruses and mobile elements. This review is summarizing information about RNAi and miRNA pathways in protostome phyla: Annelida and Mollusca. The molecular mechanisms of dsRNA and miRNA pathways in annelids remain largely unexplored. The available information points towards coexistence of miRNA and RNAi pathways, however, their integration or genetic separation remain unclear. Molluscs are an interesting taxon, which appears to have a unique setup of RNA silencing possibly employing a single Argonaute protein while it also employs interferon-like pathway elements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi and miRNA pathways in Annelids and Molluscs

Svoboda¹

2020

Introduction to RNAi and miRNA Pathways

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“…Since mechanistical principles of vertebrate miRNA and RNAi pathways were introduced in the fi rst review of this series (Svoboda, 2019) and in further detail elsewhere (Bartel, 2018), I will focus here directly on features of these pathways discovered in Arthropods. The formal structure of the report will be as in other animal taxons -upon miRNA dna RNAi molecular features of key individual components of reviewed mechanisms, I will discuss the silencing mechanisms and their biological roles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi and miRNA pathways in arthropods

Svoboda¹

2020

Introduction to RNAi and miRNA Pathways

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RNA silencing denotes sequence-specific repression mediated by small RNAs. In vertebrates, there are two closely related pathways, which share several protein factors: RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA (miRNA) pathway. The miRNA pathway regulates endogenous protein-coding gene expression and has been implicated in many biological processes. RNAi generally serves as a form of innate immunity targeting viruses and mobile elements. While Arthropoda are an extremely large and diverse phylum, research on microRNA (miRNA) and RNA interference (RNAi) pathway in this phylum primarily used the Drosophila melanogaster model system and related species. Notably, both pathways are genetically separated; they utilize dedicated Dicer proteins to produce miRNAs and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which are sorted onto different Argonaute effector proteins. This review focuses on the miRNA pathway and pathways initiated by long dsRNA in arthropods. The first part introduces the key molecular players of RNA silencing. The second discussed biological roles of miRNA and dsRNA-induced pathways in Arthropods.

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The origin of RNA interference: Adaptive or neutral evolution?

et al. 2022

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The origin of RNA interference (RNAi) is usually explained by a defense-based hypothesis, in which RNAi evolved as a defense against transposable elements (TEs) and RNA viruses and was already present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA). However, since RNA antisense regulation and double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) are ancient and widespread phenomena, the origin of defensive RNAi should have occurred in parallel with its regulative functions to avoid imbalances in gene regulation. Thus, we propose a neutral evolutionary hypothesis for the origin of RNAi in which qualitative system drift from a prokaryotic antisense RNA gene regulation mechanism leads to the formation of RNAi through constructive neutral evolution (CNE). We argue that RNAi was already present in the ancestor of LECA before the need for a new defense system arose and that its presence helped to shape eukaryotic genomic architecture and stability.

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Introduction to RNAi and miRNA pathways

Cited by 4 publications

References 1,042 publications

RNAi and miRNA pathways in Annelids and Molluscs

RNAi and miRNA pathways in Annelids and Molluscs

RNAi and miRNA pathways in arthropods

The origin of RNA interference: Adaptive or neutral evolution?

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