Introduction to special issue: Contextually valid assessment of executive functions in the era of personalized medicine

Suchy, Yana

doi:10.1080/13854046.2020.1748827

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Conceptually, our results seem to support the Contextually Valid Executive Assessment model (Suchy, 2015), which argued that PM, as meta-tasking component of the EF, interacts with contextual factors as a predictor of functional outcomes, such as everyday functioning and HrQoL (Suchy, 2020;Suchy et al, 2020). Moreover, our results can be explained by the frontal aging hypothesis, which argued that age-related decrements in neurocognitive functions, as well as the risk to develop dementia, functional impairments and depression, are driven by decline in the prefrontal brain regions (West, 1996; for a review, see Kuo & Lipsitz, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Diversely from these theoretical and empirical perspectives, other authors conceived EBPM as a meta-tasking component of EF (Suchy, 2015(Suchy, , 2020Suchy et al, 2020). Metatasking is an aspect of EF that involves the ability to branch and interleave goals of a task with sub-goals of another task; thus, meta-tasking is crucial for successful planning and execution of many daily PM tasks (Kurniadi et al, 2021).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metatasking is an aspect of EF that involves the ability to branch and interleave goals of a task with sub-goals of another task; thus, meta-tasking is crucial for successful planning and execution of many daily PM tasks (Kurniadi et al, 2021). Several empirical findings showed that older adults with EF impairment more often forget important daily EBPM tasks, such as managing their medication, which further indicates that EBPM failures are due to an impairment of EF, rather than RM (Suchy, 2020;Suchy et al, 2020). Interestingly, in line with these empirical findings, neuroimaging studies showed that frontopolar cortex, often been associated with PM as well (Burgess et al, 2003;Cona et al, 2015;Okuda et al, 2007;Volle et al, 2011), is implicated in meta-tasking (Miele et al, 2011;Suchy, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In older adults' everyday life, EBPM is particularly important to fulfil health-related intentions; however, EBPM is also relevant for a series of other daily activities such as meeting friends or handling finances (Hering et al, 2018;Suchy, 2020;Woods et al, 2015), which actively influence LS (Jones et al, 2003;Ku et al, 2016;De León et al, 2020). Hence, if EBPM is engaged in all these activities, it is likely that the effect of EBPM on quality of life goes beyond its health-related aspects, extending toward LS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do executive functions explain older adults’ health-related quality of life beyond event-based prospective memory?

Laera

Joly-Burra

Zuber

et al. 2021

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition

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Previous work has shown that event-based prospective memory (EBPM) predicted health-related quality of life (HrQoL). In the present study, we aimed to examine whether the relationship between EBPM and HrQoL extended to life satisfaction, and whether it persisted after controlling for other cognitive functions related to EBPM, namely executive functions and retrospective memory. We tested two models using structural equation modeling with latent variables in a sample of older adults. In the first model, we assessed whether EBPM predicted life satisfaction and HrQoL; in the second model, we controlled for retrospective memory and executive functions. The first model indicated that EBPM was related to HrQoL. However, in the second model, this relationship was eliminated by executive functions; life satisfaction was not related to any of the cognitive variables. Findings corroborated the link between HrQoL and EBPM, suggesting that such relationship stems from executive functions rather than retrospective memory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Do executive functions explain older adults’ health-related quality of life beyond event-based prospective memory?

Laera

Joly-Burra

Zuber

et al. 2021

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition

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“…As an alternative to the "silver bullet" approach, we have advocated for the development of more ecological applications of existing EF tests, wherein the patients' individual contexts are more heavily weighted (Suchy, 2015(Suchy, , 2020). To that end, we have proposed the Contextually Valid Executive Assessment model (ConVExA; Suchy, 2015;Suchy, Ziemnik, Niermeyer, et al, 2020), which posits that IADL performance is determined by an interplay between cognition and quantifiable contextual factors, with EF acting as both a mediator and a moderator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

It’s complicated: Executive functioning moderates impacts of daily busyness on everyday functioning in community-dwelling older adults

Suchy

Mora

DesRuisseaux

et al. 2023

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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Objective: Research shows that cognitively healthy older adults with mild executive function (EF) weaknesses are vulnerable to the negative impacts of life complexity (or daily busyness) when performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). However, past research assessed life complexity only at one timepoint, not capturing daily fluctuations. Importantly, fluctuations in busyness can themselves have deleterious impacts on functioning. This study extended past research by examining whether (1) variability in daily busyness would be more detrimental than level of busyness to performance of IADLs, and (2) EF assessed at home would moderate deleterious impact of busyness on IADLs. Method: Fifty-two community-dwelling older adults aged 60 to 95 completed daily IADL tasks and daily measures of EF and busyness via ecological momentary assessment, independently at home for 18 days. Results: (1) In a subset of participants with mild EF weaknesses, high variability in busyness across days was associated with fewer tasks completed correctly; and (2) across all participants (regardless of EF), high levels of daily busyness were associated with fewer tasks completed on time. Conclusions: Findings indicate that high variability in daily busyness, potentially reflecting a lack of daily routine, was associated with IADL errors among cognitively healthy older adults with mild EF weaknesses. Additionally, consistently high levels of busyness were associated with failures to complete tasks, or failures to complete them on time, regardless of EF. These results further support the Contextually Valid Executive Assessment (ConVExA) model, which posits that EF and contextual factors interact to predict functional outcomes.

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The cost of monitoring in time-based prospective memory

Laera,

Brummer,

Hering

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Time-based prospective memory (TBPM) involves remembering to perform actions at specific times in the future. Several studies suggest that monetary consequences improve prospective remembering; however, the effect of monetary consequences on strategic time monitoring (i.e., clock-checking behaviour) in TBPM is still unknown. The present study investigated how the monetary costs on clock-checking affected TBPM accuracy and strategic time monitoring. Participants performed an ongoing lexical decision task while carrying out a TBPM task every two minutes. Motivational incentives were manipulated across three experimental conditions: a single-cost condition in which missed TBPM responses led to monetary deductions, a double-cost condition in which both missed responses and time monitoring led to monetary deductions, and a control condition with no monetary deductions. Overall, the findings indicated that monetary costs on clock-checking prompted more parsimonious strategic time monitoring behaviour, which negatively impacted TBPM accuracy. These results emphasize the importance of weighing the motivational aspects involved in strategic monitoring, shedding light on the complex relationship between clock-checking behaviour, its consequences, and TBPM performance.

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Introduction to special issue: Contextually valid assessment of executive functions in the era of personalized medicine

Cited by 6 publications

References 44 publications

Do executive functions explain older adults’ health-related quality of life beyond event-based prospective memory?

Do executive functions explain older adults’ health-related quality of life beyond event-based prospective memory?

It’s complicated: Executive functioning moderates impacts of daily busyness on everyday functioning in community-dwelling older adults

The cost of monitoring in time-based prospective memory

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