Introduction to the DAPPLE Air Pollution Project

Influence of urban morphology on air flow over building arrays

“…The starting point for the design of the models was the 1:200 scale model of the DAPPLE field site in central London (Arnold et al 2004, Carpentieri et al 2009. A substantial amount of data has been gathered in wind tunnel experiments, field tests and numerical simulations for the DAPPLE site, and these data can be used in future as comparison for the simpler models.…”

Wind tunnel measurements of pollutant turbulent fluxes in urban intersections

“…The reference wind speed (U ref ) was set to 2.5 m s -1 ; U ref was measured with the ultrasonic anemometer positioned just outside the simulated boundary layer. The model was oriented using a rotating turntable, and all the experiments were performed with a rotation of 51.35° in model coordinates (0° corresponds to a wind direction along the x axis, see Figure 1-left; model rotation is positive clockwise, hence the selected wind direction is approximately from south-west); the wind direction being chosen to correspond to conditions of the first field tracer release experiment (Arnold et al, 2004).…”

“…The work was part of part of DAPPLE (Dispersion of Air Pollution and its Penetration into the Local Environment), a 4-year UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) funded project within the Engineering for Health, Infrastructure and Environment Programme (Arnold et al, 2004) that continued under a 3-year follow-up project (DAPPLE-HO) funded by the UK Home Office (Wood et al, 2009).…”

Three-Dimensional Mapping of Air Flow at an Urban Canyon Intersection

“…The model was oriented using the wind tunnel turntable, and all the experiments were performed with a rotation of −51.35 o in model coordinates (i.e. wind approximately from the south-west); this wind direction was chosen as it corresponded to the direction for the first field tracer release experiment (Arnold et al, 2004).…”

“…The study is part of a multidisciplinary project, Dispersion of Air Pollution and its Penetration into the Local Environment (DAPPLE, Arnold et al, 2004), whose aim is to enhance understanding of pollutant dispersion processes in realistic urban environments. One of the novel aspects of DAPPLE, when compared to other similar studies, is its multidisciplinary approach to the problem: field measurements of wind conditions, background pollution levels, traffic flow, personal exposure and the dispersion of inert tracer releases were supported by both wind tunnel and numerical studies.…”