Introduction to the Neuropsychological Norms for the US-Mexico Border Region in Spanish (NP-NUMBRS) Project

Marquine, María J.; Mindt, Monica Rivera; Umlauf, Anya; Suárez, Paola; Kamalyan, Lily; Paredes, Alejandra Morlett; Yassai-Gonzalez, David; Scott, Travis M; Heaton, Anne; Díaz-Santos, Mirella; Gooding, Amanda; Fortuny, Lidia Artiola I; Heaton, Robert K.; Cherner, Mariana

doi:10.1080/13854046.2020.1751882

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“… Millon Behavioral Medicine Diagnostic, Spanish version (MBMD) [ 32 ] was selected to assist in identifying psychosocial factors that might contribute to the patient’s medical condition and course of treatment. Neuropsi atención y memoria [ 33 , 34 , 35 ], which is a neuropsychological battery developed in Spanish with age-matched norms (6–85 years-of-age), education-matched norms (0–22 years-of-education), and ongoing norm and reference group publications (e.g., NP-NUMBRS project) [ 36 ]. Selected subtests for the present assessment included the Rey–Osterreith Complex Figure Test, Semantic Fluency, and Motor Programming.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neuropsi atención y memoria [ 33 , 34 , 35 ], which is a neuropsychological battery developed in Spanish with age-matched norms (6–85 years-of-age), education-matched norms (0–22 years-of-education), and ongoing norm and reference group publications (e.g., NP-NUMBRS project) [ 36 ]. Selected subtests for the present assessment included the Rey–Osterreith Complex Figure Test, Semantic Fluency, and Motor Programming.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Culturally Competent Assessment of Neurocognitive Functioning in Latinos with Complex Multimorbidity: A Case Study

et al. 2022

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Multimorbidity—the coexistence of multiple chronic conditions within an individual—is the new normal in hospital settings. Individuals with higher levels of multimorbidity require a multidisciplinary and holistic approach to meet their needs, though the complexity of their neurocognitive profiles is still poorly researched. This study reported on the neurocognitive profile of a 69-year-old, left-handed, Latino cisgender male with 10 years of education. He was deemed to have a short-term mortality in 2018, yet is still enjoying a good quality of life in 2022. This case report illustrated (a) a rather common neurocognitive profile of a patient with complex multimorbidity, (b) the advantages of being served in a center of excellence with linguistically and culturally appropriate services that evaluate patients’ cognitive functioning and inform and provide continuity of care, and (c) the benefits of a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to the care of the multimorbidity population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturally Competent Assessment of Neurocognitive Functioning in Latinos with Complex Multimorbidity: A Case Study

et al. 2022

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“…As an alternative to this practice, population‐specific demographically adjusted normative data are crucial in properly evaluating cognitive functioning and avoiding inappropriate inferences and misdiagnoses. 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 Unfortunately, there is a dearth of cognitive test normative data that account for the diversity of the Hispanic/Latino population. Filling these gaps in normative cognitive test data for populations facing health disparities was Priority 1 identified at the 2019 Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) Summit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rates of mild cognitive impairment, a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), varies by Hispanic/Latino background group (e.g., Cubans, Puerto Ricans), 5 yet it has been the practice to aggregate Hispanics/Latinos into one group when applying normative data and generalize research results from one group (e.g., Mexican Americans) to another (e.g., Dominicans). As an alternative to this practice, population‐specific demographically adjusted normative data are crucial in properly evaluating cognitive functioning and avoiding inappropriate inferences and misdiagnoses 6–9 . Unfortunately, there is a dearth of cognitive test normative data that account for the diversity of the Hispanic/Latino population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative data for the Brief Spanish‐English Verbal Learning Test for representative and diverse Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Breton

Stickel

Tarraf

et al. 2021

Alz & Dem Diag Ass & Dis Mo

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Introduction Episodic learning and memory performance are crucial components of cognitive assessment. To meet the needs of a diverse Hispanic/Latino population, we aimed to provide normative data on the Brief Spanish‐English Verbal Learning Test (B‐SEVLT). Methods The target population for the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) included individuals 45+ years old from Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican, Puerto Rican, and South American backgrounds. Average age was 56.5 years ± 9.92, 54.5% were female, and mean education was 11.0 years ± 5.6 (unweighted n = 9309). Participants were administered the B‐SEVLT in their preferred language (Spanish or English). Hispanic/Latino background adjusted B‐SEVLT scores and percentile cut‐points were created using survey‐adjusted regression models. Results Higher educational attainment, younger age, and being female were associated with higher learning and memory performance. Hispanic/Latino background groups differed in B‐SEVLT performance. Discussion Representative learning and memory norms for Hispanic/Latinos of diverse backgrounds will improve cognitive assessment and accuracy of neurocognitive disorder diagnosis.

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“…A key issue facing neuropsychological practice is the absence of neuropsychological tests for use with diverse cultural groups with adequate normative data in languages other than English (Rabin et al, 2016). Within the United States, this issue is especially salient for Spanish-language tests, considering a large portion of the population speaks Spanish at home (i.e., 12.9%, per 2010 Census data; Ryan, 2013), but there are limited neuropsychological tests and normative data available in Spanish (Marquine et al, 2021;Morlett Paredes et al, 2021;Puente et al, 2015;Rivera Mindt et al, 2021). The use of English-language normative data has resulted in high rates of misdiagnosed memory impairment in Spanish speakers of Mexican descent (Cherner et al, 2007); and sociocultural variables, such as national heritage, country of education, acculturation, and socioeconomic status, have been associated with neuropsychological test performances among Latinx Spanish speakers (Arentoft et al, 2015;Boone et al, 2007;Flores et al, 2017;Karr et al, 2021aKarr et al, , 2022Morlett Paredes et al, 2021;Rosselli & Ardila, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Harmonization of the English and Spanish versions of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery crystallized and fluid composite scores.

Karr¹,

Scott²,

Aghvinian³

et al. 2023

Neuropsychology

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Objective: The National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) has both English-and Spanish-language versions producing crystallized and fluid cognition composite scores. This study examined measurement invariance between languages of administration. If established, measurement invariance would indicate that the composite scores measure the same construct across languages and provide scores that can be meaningfully compared and harmonized in future analyses. Method: Participants from the NIHTB-CB normative sample included adults tested in English (n = 1,038; M = 49.1 years old, SD = 18.6) or Spanish (n = 408; M = 44.1 years old, SD = 16.7). Participants completed seven NIHTB-CB tests: Two measuring crystallized cognition and five measuring fluid cognition. Each test score was converted to an age-adjusted standard score or demographic-adjusted T score. A two-factor model (i.e., crystallized cognition and fluid cognition factors) was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. Measurement invariance was evaluated by fitting the two-factor model for each language of administration and constraining model parameters to be equivalent across languages, testing configural, weak, strong, and strict models. Results: For age-adjusted and demographic-adjusted scores, the two-factor model fit adequately well, and each factor had adequate reliability among English-and Spanish-speaking participants. Strict invariance was established across languages of administration for both age-adjusted and demographic-adjusted scores. Conclusions: These findings support the harmonization of the Englishand Spanish-language NIHTB-CB crystallized and fluid composite scores, indicating that the composite scores measure the same constructs on the same scale. The results support future studies merging data from participants evaluated in both languages. Key PointsQuestion: Do the English-and Spanish-language versions of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery measure the same cognitive functions across languages of administration? Findings: The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery produces two composite scores, measuring crystallized cognition (e.g., language abilities) and fluid cognition (e.g., processing speed, visual memory, and executive functions). The analyses supported strict invariance for the composite scores, meaning the English-and Spanishlanguage versions of the battery produce scores that measure the same cognitive ability on the same scale across languages. Importance: These findings support future studies merging data from participants evaluated in both English and Spanish, allowing for larger and more linguistically diverse samples. Next Steps: These results apply to English-and Spanish-speaking adults residing within the United States, and future studies should evaluate whether harmonization is supported for other populations of English and Spanish speakers residing in different countries.

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Introduction to the Neuropsychological Norms for the US-Mexico Border Region in Spanish (NP-NUMBRS) Project

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Culturally Competent Assessment of Neurocognitive Functioning in Latinos with Complex Multimorbidity: A Case Study

Culturally Competent Assessment of Neurocognitive Functioning in Latinos with Complex Multimorbidity: A Case Study

Normative data for the Brief Spanish‐English Verbal Learning Test for representative and diverse Hispanics/Latinos: Results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)

Harmonization of the English and Spanish versions of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery crystallized and fluid composite scores.

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