Introduction to the Special Issue on Purinergic Receptors

Burnstock, Geoffrey

doi:10.1007/5584_2017_12

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Extracellular ATP (eATP) binds to specific P2 receptors, which are grouped into ionotropic P2X (P2X1, P2X2, P2X3, P2X4, P2X5, P2X6, P2X7) and metabotropic (G-protein-coupled) P2Y (P2Y 1 , P2Y 2 , P2Y 4 , P2Y 6 , P2Y 11 , P2Y 12 , P2Y 13 , P2Y 14 ) receptors [9,10]. After having bound eATP, P2X receptors undergo conformational change and facilitate the influx as well as efflux of mono-and divalent cations along their concentration gradient (mainly Na + , Ca 2+ in and K + out) [11].…”

Section: Principles Of Purinergic Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P2Y receptors activate either stimulatory or inhibitory G proteins, which mediate downstream signaling regulating 3 ,5 -cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and phospholipase C β (PLCβ) levels [12]. While P2X receptors are exclusively modulated by ATP, ligands for P2Y receptors also include adenosine 5 -diphosphate (ADP), uridine 5 -triphosphate (UTP), uridine 5 -biphosphate (UDP), and UDP-glucose [10,12]. Extracellular ATP is rapidly degraded by ectonucleotidases that convert ATP to ADP and adenosine 5 -monophosphate (AMP) as well as CD73/ecto-5 -nucleotidase that converts AMP to adenosine [13].…”

Section: Principles Of Purinergic Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracellular ATP as an Inter-Kingdom Signaling Molecule: Release Mechanisms by Bacteria and Its Implication on the Host

Spari

Beldi

2020

IJMS

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The purine adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) is not only a universal intracellular energy carrier but plays also an important role as extracellular signaling molecule. Purinergic signaling is involved in many physiological and pathological processes like coagulation, inflammation, or sepsis in mammals. ATP is well-known as a messenger for intercellular communications in multicellular organisms, but phylogenetically much older unicellular organisms like yeast or bacteria use ATP as an extracellular signaling molecule as well. However, the mechanisms of ATP secretion by bacteria and its extracellular implications still have to be elucidated. This review will provide an overview of the current knowledge about bacterial extracellular ATP (eATP) under homeostatic conditions and during growth. Possible secretion mechanisms of ATP by bacteria will be discussed and implications of bacterial ATP are shown, with a focus on bacteria–host interactions.

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Section: Principles Of Purinergic Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Principles Of Purinergic Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular ATP as an Inter-Kingdom Signaling Molecule: Release Mechanisms by Bacteria and Its Implication on the Host

Spari

Beldi

2020

IJMS

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“…Extracellular adenosine (eADO) is finally metabolized into extracellular inosine by the adenosine deaminase (ADA). In order to modulate the immune response, purine metabolites act through two families of purinergic receptors: P1 and P2 receptors (Burnstock, 2017 ). ATP binds to P2 receptors which are divided into ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y subtypes (Ralevic and Burnstock, 1998 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic Signaling: A Common Path in the Macrophage Response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Toxoplasma gondii

Petit-Jentreau

Tailleux

Coombes

2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Immune responses are essential for the protection of the host against external dangers or infections and are normally efficient in the clearance of invading microbes. However, some intracellular pathogens have developed strategies to replicate and survive within host cells resulting in latent infection associated with strong inflammation. This excessive response can cause cell and tissue damage and lead to the release of the intracellular content, in particular the nucleotide pool, into the extracellular space. Over the last decade, new studies have implicated metabolites from the purinergic pathway in shaping the host immune response against intracellular pathogens and proved their importance in the outcome of the infection. This review aims to summarize how the immune system employs the purinergic system either to fight the pathogen, or to control collateral tissue damage. This will be achieved by focusing on the macrophage response against two intracellular pathogens, the human etiologic agent of tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii.

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“…P2Y receptors (P2Y1/2/4/6/11/12/13/14) are selective for ATP, ADP, UTP, and UDP, and couple with G proteins ( 21 ). Like adenosine receptors, P2Y receptors are internalized by β-arrestin, resulting in desensitization of the purinergic signal ( 18 , 23 , 24 ) ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Purinergic signaling is evolutionarily conserved ( 25 ), and is involved in several physiological and pathological processes, such as neurotransmission, cell proliferation, platelet aggregation, vasodilatation, and inflammation ( 23 , 24 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic System Signaling in Metainflammation-Associated Osteoarthritis

et al. 2020

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Inflammation triggered by metabolic imbalance, also called metainflammation, is low-grade inflammation caused by the components involved in metabolic syndrome (MetS), including central obesity and impaired glucose tolerance. This phenomenon is mainly due to excess nutrients and energy, and it contributes to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). OA is characterized by the progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, which suffers erosion and progressively becomes thinner. Purinergic signaling is involved in several physiological and pathological processes, such as cell proliferation in development and tissue regeneration, neurotransmission and inflammation. Adenosine and ATP receptors, and other members of the signaling pathway, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), are involved in obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and OA progression. In this review, we focus on purinergic regulation in osteoarthritic cartilage and how different components of MetS, such as obesity and T2D, modulate the purinergic system in OA. In that regard, we describe the critical role in this disease of receptors, such as adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) and ATP P2X7 receptor. Finally, we also assess how nucleotides regulate the inflammasome in OA.

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Introduction to the Special Issue on Purinergic Receptors

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Extracellular ATP as an Inter-Kingdom Signaling Molecule: Release Mechanisms by Bacteria and Its Implication on the Host

Extracellular ATP as an Inter-Kingdom Signaling Molecule: Release Mechanisms by Bacteria and Its Implication on the Host

Purinergic Signaling: A Common Path in the Macrophage Response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Toxoplasma gondii

Purinergic System Signaling in Metainflammation-Associated Osteoarthritis

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