Introduction to the Systematics of Species Rich Groups

Hodkinson, Trevor R.; Parnell, Jerome P.

doi:10.1201/9781420009538.ch1

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…It is generally accepted that the inclusion of additional terminal taxa has a positive impact on phylogenetic reconstruction, and our study highlights the necessity of extended taxon sampling in ecological studies with both simulated and empirical data. While the phylogenetic relationships among many species within higher taxonomic groups remain largely unresolved (Hodkinson & Parnell, ), we have a good understanding of the deeper evolutionary relationships of many ecologically important clades, such as birds, mammals and flowering plants, and most of these data are publically available. Increasingly, popular maximum‐likelihood approaches for tree building can efficiently generate phylogenies of large numbers of taxa (Stamatakis, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxon sampling effects on the quantification and comparison of community phylogenetic diversity

Park

Worthington

2018

Molecular Ecology

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Ecologists are increasingly making use of molecular phylogenies, especially in the fields of community ecology and conservation. However, these phylogenies are often used without full appreciation of their underlying assumptions and uncertainties. A frequent practice in ecological studies is inferring a phylogeny with molecular data from taxa only within the community of interest. These "inferred community phylogenies" are inherently biased in their taxon sampling. Despite the importance of comprehensive sampling in constructing phylogenies, the implications of using inferred community phylogenies in ecological studies have not been examined. Here, we evaluate how taxon sampling affects the quantification and comparison of community phylogenetic diversity using both simulated and empirical data sets. We demonstrate that inferred community trees greatly underestimate phylogenetic diversity and that the probability of incorrectly ranking community diversity can reach up to 25%, depending on the dating methods employed. We argue that to reach reliable conclusions, ecological studies must improve their taxon sampling and generate the best phylogeny possible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxon sampling effects on the quantification and comparison of community phylogenetic diversity

Park

Worthington

2018

Molecular Ecology

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“…I 2014 udgav Tim Birkhead et al en bog om ornitologiens historie med titlen Ten Thousand Birds. Antallet af fuglearter er tydeligvis mere konstant end for eksempel antallet af insektarter, som stiger hastigt, ikke mindst fordi det er biologerne magtpåliggende at beskrive tusindvis af endnu ubeskrevne arter, før de muligvis uddør (Hodkinson & Parnell 2019). Tilvaeksten i antallet af fuglearter i dag skyldes i langt højere grad opsplitning af eksisterende arter end opdagelsen af nye.…”

Section: Den Taksonomiske Taktstok Stig Toft Madsenunclassified

Den Taksonomiske Taktstok

Madsen¹

2021

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Nærværende artikel tager udgangspunkt i ny viden om fuglenes evolution på forskellige taksonomiske niveauer. Især artsniveauet nyder hobbyornitologernes bevågenhed, idet en videnskabeligt sanktioneret taksonomi på artsniveau muliggør en indbyrdes kappestrid om at opdage og afkrydse det størst mulige antal arter på forskellige afkrydsningslister. Fordi mange amatørornitologer har opbygget en høj grad af ekspertise, er de i stand til at interagere med professionelle eksperter. Feltfolket udgør på denne måde både en ressource for videnskaben og et eksternt, eller subalternt, korrektur, som i praksis kan gøre krav på at føre „taksonomiens taktstok“. Artiklen gennemgår otte udvalgte events i efteråret 2019 for at illustrere, hvordan sjældne fugle opdages, bestemmes og – ikke mindst ved granskning af fotos – efterbestemmes. Videnskabssociologien har siden 1960’erne udviklet sig i en postmodernistisk retning, som i sine identitetspolitiske afskygninger i 2020 blandt andet førte til, at Carl von Linné blev anklaget for at være den videnskabelige racismes grundlægger. Identitetspolitikken kan udgøre en udfordring for ornitologien, men foreløbig står idéen om, at arter har en central plads i den taksonomiske orden til troende. Ikke alt er sløret og multipelt, som postmodernismen foreskriver. Søgeord: ornitologi, fuglearter, taksonomi, ekspertise, falsifikation, postmodernisme

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“…The grass family Poaceae (another name Gramineae) is one of the top five species-rich families of flowering plants, ranking only behind Asteraceae (daisies), Orchidaceae (orchids), Fabaceae (beans), and Rubiaceae (coffee family) [ 1 , 2 ]. It comprises over 11,500 grass species in about 770 genera, 12 subfamilies, 7 super-tribes, 52 tribes, 5 super-subtribes, and 90 subtribes [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poaceae Chloroplast Genome Sequencing: Great Leap Forward in Recent Ten Years

Sun

et al. 2022

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The first complete chloroplast genome of rice (Oryza sativa) was published in 1989, ushering in a new era of studies of chloroplast genomics in Poaceae. Progresses in Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Third-Generation Sequencing (TGS) technologiesand in the development of genome assembly software, have significantly advanced chloroplast genomics research. Poaceae is one of the most targeted families in chloroplast genome research because of its agricultural, ecological, and economic importance. Over the last 30 years, 2,050 complete chloroplast genome sequences from 40 tribes and 282 genera have been generated, most (97%) of them in the recent ten years. The wealth of data provides the groundwork for studies on species evolution, phylogeny, genetic transformation, and other aspects of Poaceae chloroplast genomes. As a result, we have gained a deeper understanding of the properties of Poaceae chloroplast genomes. Here, we summarize the achievements of the studies of the Poaceae chloroplast genomes and envision the challenges for moving the area ahead.

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Introduction to the Systematics of Species Rich Groups

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Taxon sampling effects on the quantification and comparison of community phylogenetic diversity

Taxon sampling effects on the quantification and comparison of community phylogenetic diversity

Den Taksonomiske Taktstok

Poaceae Chloroplast Genome Sequencing: Great Leap Forward in Recent Ten Years

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