Introduction to Wheelchair Sport

Tweedy, Sean M.; Diaper, Nicholas

doi:10.5040/9781718209305.ch-001

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The most common disabilities in WCB are impairments sustained because of a spinal cord injury (SCI), which can affect motor, sensory, and autonomic function (77). Damage to the spinal cord can occur due to congenital malformations (e.g., spina bifida), disease (e.g., poliomyelitis or tumors), or injury (e.g., motor vehicle accidents, high falls, and diving) (77). When an SCI occurs, the connection is lost between the brain and the spinal cord, which causes a loss of function at and below the level of the lesion (1,77).…”

Section: Classification and Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Damage to the spinal cord can occur due to congenital malformations (e.g., spina bifida), disease (e.g., poliomyelitis or tumors), or injury (e.g., motor vehicle accidents, high falls, and diving) (77). When an SCI occurs, the connection is lost between the brain and the spinal cord, which causes a loss of function at and below the level of the lesion (1,77). The individualized impairments sustained as a result of an SCI make it crucial to individualize training prescription in WCB athletes (77).…”

Section: Classification and Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When an SCI occurs, the connection is lost between the brain and the spinal cord, which causes a loss of function at and below the level of the lesion (1,77). The individualized impairments sustained as a result of an SCI make it crucial to individualize training prescription in WCB athletes (77).…”

Section: Classification and Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the work that does exist, a strong correlation was observed between session RPE and mean HR for a team of 10 elite male WCB athletes over 16 games ( r = 0.63–0.67); however, at an individual level, there was a much wider range and varied correlations ( r = 0.36–0.98) (37). This outcome may be attributed to the variation of disabilities and physical capacities within the sampled population, considering the loss of sensory, motor, and autonomic function in athletes with SCI, which has been shown to affect HR responses (77). When this relationship was further considered in athletes specifically with SCI, a lower correlation between HR and RPE ( r = 0.36–0.71) was evident as compared to players without SCI ( r = 0.48–0.98) (37).…”

Section: Competition Demandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Characteristics and Competition Demands of Elite Wheelchair Basketball

Snyder

Goods

Peeling

et al. 2023

Strength &Amp; Conditioning Journal

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Wheelchair basketball (WCB) is one of the most popular sports for athletes with disabilities. Athletes with a wide range of disabilities compete in the sport, making WCB highly inclusive while presenting unique challenges for various aspects of performance support. This review aims to provide an overview of the existing literature on physical characteristics and competition demands of elite WCB athletes to provide practitioners with the best physical preparation practices for improving performance. Many physical characteristics and capacities have been reported to improve performance and are useful for setting performance benchmarks. Assessment of these capacities in WCB athletes requires special considerations due to the impacts of individual disabilities and interactions between the athlete and the wheelchair. Profiling WCB athletes also requires understanding the competitive demands that cannot be extrapolated from nondisabled basketball. To track game movements, this review describes previous studies tracking game movements with various tracking devices, and recent studies have identified inertial sensors as an accurate and practical option. Athletes' internal responses to game demands vary based on disability, particularly spinal cord injuries, so special considerations for internal load monitoring include implementing individualized monitoring strategies.

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Section: Classification and Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classification and Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Classification and Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Competition Demandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Physical Characteristics and Competition Demands of Elite Wheelchair Basketball

Snyder

Goods

Peeling

et al. 2023

Strength &Amp; Conditioning Journal

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The Ergonomics of Wheelchair Configuration for Optimal Performance in the Wheelchair Court Sports

2012

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Field-Based Physiological Testing of Wheelchair Athletes

Goosey-Tolfrey

Leicht

2012

Sports Med

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The volume of literature on field-based physiological testing of wheelchair sports, such as basketball, rugby and tennis, is considerably smaller when compared with that available for individuals and team athletes in able-bodied (AB) sports. In analogy to the AB literature, it is recognized that performance in wheelchair sports not only relies on fitness, but also sport-specific skills, experience and technical proficiency. However, in contrast to AB sports, two major components contribute towards 'wheeled sports' performance, which are the athlete and the wheelchair. It is the interaction of these two that enable wheelchair propulsion and the sporting movements required within a given sport. Like any other athlete, participants of wheelchair sports are looking for efficient ways to train and/or analyse their technique and fitness to improve their performance. Consequently, laboratory and/or field-based physiological monitoring tools used at regular intervals at key time points throughout the year must be considered to help with training evaluation. The present review examines methods available in the literature to assess wheelchair sports fitness in a field-based environment, with special attention on outcome variables, validity and reliability issues, and non-physiological influences on performance. It also lays out the context of field-based testing by providing details about the Paralympic court sports and the impacts of a disability on sporting performance. Due to the limited availability of specialized equipment for testing wheelchair-dependent participants in the laboratory, the adoption of field-based testing has become the preferred option by team coaches of wheelchair athletes. An obvious advantage of field-based testing is that large groups of athletes can be tested in less time. Furthermore, athletes are tested in their natural environment (using their normal sports wheelchair set-up and floor surface), potentially making the results of such testing more relevant than laboratory testing. However, given that many tests, such as the multistage fitness test and the Yo-Yo intermittent test, have originally been developed for AB games players, the assumption that these can also be used for wheelchair athletes may be erroneous. With the array of AB aerobic and anaerobic field tests available, it is difficult to ascertain which ones may be best suited for wheelchair athletes. Therefore, new, wheelchair sport-specific tests have been proposed and validated. Careful selection of tests to enable coaches to distinguish between disability classifications, wheelchair proficiency and actual performance improvements is paramount as this will not only enhance the value of field-based testing, but also help with the development of meaningful normative data.

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Introduction to Wheelchair Sport

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Physical Characteristics and Competition Demands of Elite Wheelchair Basketball

Physical Characteristics and Competition Demands of Elite Wheelchair Basketball

The Ergonomics of Wheelchair Configuration for Optimal Performance in the Wheelchair Court Sports

Field-Based Physiological Testing of Wheelchair Athletes

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