Introductory Chapter: An Overview of the Genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus

Cebeci, Anil; Kırmusaoğlu, Sahra

doi:10.5772/intechopen.90798

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Morphologically, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus (although both Gram-positive cocci) differ in the arrangement of cells, cell division direction, as well as in their biochemical reaction to catalase, amongst others [23]. Significant proteome changes in milk have been shown to occur during mastitis [2,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Natural Infections of the Bovine Mammary Gland by Staphylococcus from Streptococcus spp. Using Quantitative Milk Proteomics

Maslov

Thomas

Beletić

et al. 2023

Animals

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Bovine mastitis is the most frequent disease on dairy farms, which leads to a decrease in the health welfare of the animals and great economic losses. This study was aimed at determining the quantitative variations in the milk proteome caused by natural infection by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species in order to gain further understanding of any discrepancies in pathophysiology and host immune responses, independent of the mastitis level. After identification of Staphylococcus (N = 51) and Streptococcus (N = 67) spp., tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeled quantitative proteomic and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques on a modular Ultimate 3000 RSLCnano system coupled to a Q Exactive Plus was applied on aseptically sampled milk from Holstein cows. Proteome Discoverer was used for protein identification and quantitation through the SEQUEST algorithm. Statistical analysis employing R was used to identify differentially abundant proteins between the groups. Protein classes, functions and functional-association networks were determined using the PANTHER and STRING tools and pathway over-representation using the REACTOME. In total, 156 master bovine proteins were identified (two unique peptides, p < 0.05 and FDR < 0.001), and 20 proteins showed significantly discrepant abundance between the genera (p < 0.05 and FDR < 0.5). The most discriminatory proteins per group were odorant-binding protein (higher in staphylococci) and fibrinogen beta chain protein (higher in streptococci). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that protein kinase C-binding protein NELL2, thrombospondin-1, and complement factor I have diagnostic potential for differentiating staphylococci and streptococci intramammary infection and inflammation. Improved understanding of the host response mechanisms and recognition of potential biomarkers of specific-pathogen mastitis, which may aid prompt diagnosis for control implementation, are potential benefits of this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Natural Infections of the Bovine Mammary Gland by Staphylococcus from Streptococcus spp. Using Quantitative Milk Proteomics

Maslov

Thomas

Beletić

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…Malignant melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer and is the fifth most common cancer in women and in men, and the global incidence continues to increase (ACS, 2022;Siegal et al, 2022). Staphylococcus, a major bacterial human pathogen that causes a wide variety of dangerous clinical manifestations, and Streptococcus, a host of the mucosal surfaces of humans, are a Gram-positive bacteria responsible for the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases such as wound infections, mastitis, toxic shock syndrome, scarlet fever, cystic fibrosis, nosocomial and community-acquired infections, cancer, hepatobiliary disease, colorectal lesions, periodontitis, tonsillitis, endocarditis, pharyngitis, meningitis, glomerulonephritis and indwelling device-associated infections (Cebeci & Kırmusaoğlu, 2020;Taylor & Unakal, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical screening and potential antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-melanoma activities of Rollinia dolabripetala leaves

Campos¹,

Oliveira²,

Silva-Júnior³

et al. 2022

NRFHH

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Plants are an important source of natural compounds used for medicine. The Annonaceae family exhibits a cytotoxic effect on different tumor strains and on several bacterial strains. This unprecedented study investigates the antioxidant, anti-melanoma, anti-staphylococcal and anti-streptococcal potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of Rollinia dolabripetala leaves and of 1.7 -dihydroxyxanthone and xanthone phytocompounds. The determination of the antioxidant capacity was performed by the DPPH and lipid peroxidation methods. Isolated phytochemicals xanthone and 1.7-dihydroxyxanthone were also included in cytotoxicity and antimicrobial tests. Assays for antitumor leaf potential were performed on melanoma carcinogenic cells and assays for antibacterial potential were performed on Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus 29213 (SA13), S. aureus 4075 (SA75) and Streptococcus bovis-01 (SB01) strains. The phytochemical prospection revealed the presence of flavonols, tannins and xanthones. Halo inhibition (mm) of Gram-positive SA13 was 7.00 ± 0.38. There was no inhibitory effect on SA75 and SB01 strains. The antitumor activity, expressed in the minimum lethal concentration (GI50) was in μg/mL: R. dolabripetala: 47.04, 1.7-dihydroxyxanthone: 0.98, Xanthone: 3.38, and 5-Fluorouracil: 0.24. When comparing treatments with 5-Fluorouracil, the best correlation between dosage and the inhibition rate occurs with 1.7-dihydroxy-xanthone followed by R. dolabripetala treatment. In conclusion, R. dolabripetala exhibits antioxidant, anti-staphylococcal and anti-melanoma bioactivities with 1.7-dihydroxy-xanthone exhibiting the best correlation between dosage and inhibition rate. Phytochemicals such as, flavonols, tannins and xanthone reinforce the biological results obtained. The seasonal factor in the collection of plant samples may explain the discrepancies in the phytochemical data of R. dolabripetala compared to other species of the genus.

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Introductory Chapter: An Overview of the Genus Staphylococcus and Streptococcus

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Distinguishing Natural Infections of the Bovine Mammary Gland by Staphylococcus from Streptococcus spp. Using Quantitative Milk Proteomics

Distinguishing Natural Infections of the Bovine Mammary Gland by Staphylococcus from Streptococcus spp. Using Quantitative Milk Proteomics

Phytochemical screening and potential antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-melanoma activities of <i>Rollinia dolabripetala</i> leaves

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