“…CNTs, with nanoscale needle shape and well-ordered arrangement via sp 2 bonds, showed good biocompatibility, ability of immobilization of different molecules at their surfaces, high surface to volume ratio, enhanced stability, and sensitivity, large surface area for analytes adsorption, and unique strength, rigidity, and conductivity. [21][22][23][24][25] CNTs/magnetic iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanocomposites have been reported as active and durable electro-catalyst for sensor and biosensor applications combining the characteristics of both CNTs, and Fe 3 O 4 . [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Fe 3 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles displayed fascinating features of low toxicity, facile preparation, good biocompatibility, large surface area/volume ratio, and superparamagnetic properties.…”