Introductory Notes on the Josephson Effect: Main Concepts and Phenomenology

Tafuri, F.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20726-7_1

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…By keeping the thickness of the gap small enough, the wavefunctions between the two superconductors can overlap, allowing for interactions between the two superconducting regions. Due to this interaction, it is possible for Cooper pairs to coherently tunnel between the two superconducting regions without requiring an applied voltage [27]. The resulting tunneling supercurrent can be shown to have a nonlinear dependence on the voltage over the junction that is synonymous to the behavior of a nonlinear inductor.…”

Section: Physics Of a Josephson Junctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to the Transmon Qubit for Electromagnetic Engineers

Roth¹,

Ma²,

Chew³

2021

Preprint

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One of the most popular approaches being pursued to achieve a quantum advantage with practical hardware are superconducting circuit devices. Although significant progress has been made over the previous two decades, substantial engineering efforts are required to scale these devices so they can be used to solve many problems of interest. Unfortunately, much of this exciting field is described using technical jargon and concepts from physics that are unfamiliar to a classically trained electromagnetic engineer. As a result, this work is often difficult for engineers to become engaged in. We hope to lower the barrier to this field by providing an accessible review of one of the most prevalently used quantum bits (qubits) in superconducting circuit systems, the transmon qubit. Most of the physics of these systems can be understood intuitively with only some background in quantum mechanics. As a result, we avoid invoking quantum mechanical concepts except where it is necessary to ease the transition between details in this work and those that would be encountered in the literature. We believe this leads to a gentler introduction to this fascinating field, and hope that more researchers from the classical electromagnetic community become engaged in this area in the future.

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Section: Physics Of a Josephson Junctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to the Transmon Qubit for Electromagnetic Engineers

Roth¹,

Ma²,

Chew³

2021

Preprint

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“…The traditional CPB is formed by a thin insulative gap (on the order of a nm thick) that connects a superconducting "island" and a superconducting "reservoir" [19]. The superconductor-insulator-superconductor "sandwich" formed between the island and reservoir is known as a Jospehson junction, and has the property that Cooper pairs may tunnel through the junction without requiring an applied voltage [21]. For the basic CPB, the island is not directly connected to other circuitry, while the reservoir can be in contact with external circuit components (if desired).…”

Section: A Basic Physical Properties Of a Transmonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circuit quantum electrodynamics: A new look toward developing full-wave numerical models

Roth,

Chew

2021

Preprint

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Devices built using circuit quantum electrodynamics architectures are one of the most popular approaches currently being pursued to develop quantum information processing hardware. Although significant progress has been made over the previous two decades, there remain many technical issues limiting the performance of fabricated systems. Addressing these issues is made difficult by the absence of rigorous numerical modeling approaches. This work begins to address this issue by providing a new mathematical description of one of the most commonly used circuit quantum electrodynamics systems, a transmon qubit coupled to microwave transmission lines. Expressed in terms of three-dimensional vector fields, our new model is better suited to developing numerical solvers than the circuit element descriptions commonly used in the literature. We present details on the quantization of our new model, and derive quantum equations of motion for the coupled field-transmon system. These results can be used in developing full-wave numerical solvers in the future. To make this work more accessible to the engineering community, we assume only a limited amount of training in quantum physics and provide many background details throughout derivations.

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“…The fundamental concept behind qubit construction involves introducing a nonlinear component into an LC circuit to create an anharmonic oscillator such that there is different energy gap i.e., the energy required to excite particle from ground state to first excited state differs from the energy required to move particle from first excited state to subsequent state. The nonlinear element that applied for establishing the anharmonic oscillator is the Josephson tunnel junction [1]. The junction consists of two layers of superconducting material that are separated by a thin insulating layer [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of under and over develop time in Josephson junction fabrication process using electron beam lithography

Aketasaeng,

Sangtawesin,

Kittiwatakul

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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In the 1960s, the physicist Brian Josephson introduced the concept of Josephson tunnel junctions, which involve the tunneling of Cooper pairs across a barrier between superconducting electrodes. The typical methods of fabricating Josephson junction such as Dolan bridge and cross-type technique require specialized equipment for angle deposition. In this work, we present Josephson junction fabrication process using electron beam lithography that eliminates the need for angle deposition. The dose test was performed to optimize the right dose and we also explored various develop time. We observed that for PMMA A9 film with thickness 1.3 μm, the electron dose 280 μC/cm2 and develop time between 1.30 – 2.00 minutes produces clear pattern with sharp features. The effect of under and over develop time is shown such that there are resist residue left on the substrate after lift-off process and the longer develop time created an undercut.

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Introductory Notes on the Josephson Effect: Main Concepts and Phenomenology

Cited by 16 publications

References 106 publications

An Introduction to the Transmon Qubit for Electromagnetic Engineers

An Introduction to the Transmon Qubit for Electromagnetic Engineers

Circuit quantum electrodynamics: A new look toward developing full-wave numerical models

The effect of under and over develop time in Josephson junction fabrication process using electron beam lithography

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