Intrusion of Less Saline Shelf Water into the Kuroshio Subsurface Layer in the East China Sea

Isobe, Atsuhiko; Fujiwara, Eiji; Chang, Pil-Hun; Sugimatsu, Koichi; Shimizu, Manabu; Matsuno, Takeshi; Manda, Atsuyoshi

doi:10.1007/s10872-004-5778-6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…also occur in the middle of the ECS associated with the action of frontal eddies [Yanagi et al, 1998;Isobe et al, 2004;Zhou et al, 2015].…”

Section: 1002/2016jc011972mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a high-resolution numerical model, Guo et al [2003] demonstrated that the enhanced (weakened) baroclinicity in summer (winter) increases (decreases) the off-shelf transport in this area. Exchanges between the Kuroshio and shelf water along the shelf break also occur in the middle of the ECS associated with the action of frontal eddies [Yanagi et al, 1998;Isobe et al, 2004;Zhou et al, 2015].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐shelf water exchange in the East China Sea as estimated by satellite altimetry and in situ hydrographic measurement

et al. 2016

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Combining satellite altimetry and in situ hydrographic measurement, we estimated the cross‐shelf transport (CST) and its spatial and temporal variations across 200 m isobath in the East China Sea (ECS) from 1993 to 2014. The vertically integrated CST can be dynamically divided into three parts: surface Ekman transport, geostrophic transport, and bottom Ekman transport. The results show that the 22 year‐mean, sectionally integrated CST to be 1.7 ± 2.0 Sv (positive in the on‐shelf direction), comprised of bottom and surface Ekman transports of 2.7 ± 1.0 Sv and 0.6 ± 0.6 Sv, respectively, that are partially offset by a geostrophic transport of −1.5 ± 1.7 Sv. The sectionally integrated CST shows significantly high power at roughly annual period from 1999 to 2001, with lower power at intra‐annual period. The vertically integrated CST to the northeast of Taiwan is the main source of sectionally integrated CST. The vertically integrated CST also shows significant variations in the 6–15 month period band to the northeast of Taiwan as well. The temporal variations of the sectionally integrated and vertically integrated CST are both controlled primarily by geostrophic transport and modulated by bottom Ekman transport. In the upper 50 m, the geostrophic current to the northeast of Taiwan exhibits large mean and significant variability. The empirical orthogonal function analysis of vertical structure of geostrophic current shows two significant modes with strong annual signal. The first mode is associated with the migration of Kuroshio axis near Taiwan, while the second mode is associated with the variation of the meander of the Kuroshio to the northeast of Taiwan.

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“…also occur in the middle of the ECS associated with the action of frontal eddies [Yanagi et al, 1998;Isobe et al, 2004;Zhou et al, 2015].…”

Section: 1002/2016jc011972mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐shelf water exchange in the East China Sea as estimated by satellite altimetry and in situ hydrographic measurement

et al. 2016

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“…The Kuroshio frontal meanders are related to baroclinic instability (James et al, 1999) and may be excited near abrupt changes in bottom slope (Isobe and Beardsley, 2006). These meanders drive cross-shelf exchange by drawing low-salinity shelf waters into the subsurface Kuroshio (Isobe et al, 2004). A similar exchange process operates in the Gulf Stream due to frontal meanders in the South Atlantic Bight between the Straits of Florida and Cape Hatteras, albeit with shorter period and faster phase speeds (T. Lee and Atkinson, 1983;Bane and Brooks, 1979).…”

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confidence: 99%

Mean Structure and Variability of the Kuroshio from Northeastern Taiwan to Southwestern Japan

Andres¹,

Jan²,

Sanford³

et al. 2015

Oceanog

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Mean Structure and Variability of the Kuroshio from Northeastern Taiwan to Southwestern JapanABSTRACT. In the subtropical western North Pacific Ocean, the Kuroshio delivers heat, salt, and momentum poleward, much like its North Atlantic analog, the Gulf Stream. Though the Kuroshio generally flows along the western boundary from Taiwan to southeastern Japan as an "attached" current, the Kuroshio's strength, vertical structure, and horizontal position undergo significant temporal and spatial variability along this entire route. Ubiquitous mesoscale eddies and complicated topography associated with a string of marginal seas combine to make the western North Pacific a region with complex circulation. Here, we synthesize results from the recent US Origins of the Kuroshio and Mindanao Currents and Taiwan Observations of Kuroshio Transport Variability observational programs with previous findings to build a comprehensive picture of the Kuroshio on its route from northeastern Taiwan to southeastern Japan, where the current finally transitions from a western boundary current into the Kuroshio Extension, a vigorously meandering free jet. in the western North Pacific over the past decades, many of them supported by ONR, that have focused on different sections along the Kuroshio (Table 1). Here, we summarize some of these earlier field programs and synthesize them with OKMC/OKTV results to describe the downstream evolution of the Kuroshio along its route from the western Philippine Basin through the East China Sea to south of Japan (Figure 1a). MEASURING THE KUROSHIODue to the rich eddy field in the western North Pacific (Figure 2a), individual synoptic sections across the Kuroshio from shipboard measurements are often not representative of the current's mean state. Longer duration measurements (or many crossings) are needed to estimate the current's mean transport and velocity structure. Since 1991, arrays of inverted echo sounders (IESs) have been deployed at various sections across the Kuroshio (e.g., Table 1 and the green lines in Figure 3a) to measure variability at hourly resolution for durations of one year or more. In most cases, the IESs were also equipped with pressure sensors (PIESs) and additional current sensors (CPIESs) or horizontal electric field sensors (HPIESs) to help establish the Kuroshio's time-varying position, absolute geostrophic transport, and velocity structure (see Meinen et al., 2002;Donohue et al., 2010;and Szuts, 2012, for reviews of the methodologies and the title page photo [opposite] for an image of a PIES). One of these experiments was along the Affiliated Surveys of the Kuroshio off Cape Ashizuri (ASUKA) Line, which extends 1,000 km southeastward from Shikoku, Japan, into the Philippine Basin (Figure 3a). A full array of instruments was deployed there from 1993 to 1995 (Book et al., 2002) with a reduced two-IES array maintained through (Kakinoki et al., 2008. Two IES arrays were also deployed along the PN Line, a repeat hydrographic line in the East China Sea northwest of Okinawa (labele...

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Subsurface nutrient maximum and submesoscale structures in the southwestern Japan Sea

2016

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Intrusion of Less Saline Shelf Water into the Kuroshio Subsurface Layer in the East China Sea

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Cross‐shelf water exchange in the East China Sea as estimated by satellite altimetry and in situ hydrographic measurement

Cross‐shelf water exchange in the East China Sea as estimated by satellite altimetry and in situ hydrographic measurement

Mean Structure and Variability of the Kuroshio from Northeastern Taiwan to Southwestern Japan

Subsurface nutrient maximum and submesoscale structures in the southwestern Japan Sea

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