Inulin alleviates inflammation of alcoholic liver disease via SCFAs-inducing suppression of M1 and facilitation of M2 macrophages in mice

Wang, Zhen; Zhang, Xiaoxia; Zhu, Lili; Yang, Xiaoli; He, Fang; Wang, Ting; Bao, Ting; Lü, Haixia; Wang, Hao; Yang, Shaoqi

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106062

Cited by 140 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In the present study, we showed that VWF −/− mice tended to decrease the number of F4/80‐positive cells in the livers of mice fed an HFD (Figure A‐7B) and mRNA expression levels of the macrophage marker F4/80 (Figure C). It has been reported that the expression of iNOS could be used to identify the rodent M1 subtype, whereas arginase 1 (Arg1) could be used to identify the M2 subtype . Therefore, we analyzed the macrophage subtypes in VWF −/− and WT mice fed an HFD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Von Willebrand Factor Deficiency Improves Hepatic Steatosis, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammation in Mice Fed High‐Fat Diet

Yang

Lou

et al. 2020

Obesity

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Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Von Willebrand factor (VWF) on high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation in mice. Methods The expression of VWF was detected in obese mice. Wild‐type and VWF knockout mice were fed a normal chow diet or an HFD, and then biomedical, histological, and metabolic analyses were conducted to identify pathologic alterations. Inflammatory cytokine levels and the number of hepatic macrophages were determined in these mice fed an HFD. Results VWF expression was significantly increased in obese mice. VWF−/− mice were less obese and had improved hepatic steatosis, balance of lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance in response to HFD. Furthermore, VWF deficiency attenuated HFD‐induced systemic and hepatic inflammation. In addition, VWF deficiency rescued the abnormal accumulation of hepatic macrophages. Conclusions These data demonstrated VWF deficiency improves hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Furthermore, the protective effects are mediated via regulation of hepatic macrophages.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Von Willebrand Factor Deficiency Improves Hepatic Steatosis, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammation in Mice Fed High‐Fat Diet

Yang

Lou

et al. 2020

Obesity

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“…Short-chain fatty acids not only regulate the intestinal environment but are involved in systemic physiological functions [22,23] and also act as anti-inflammatory substances. In the alcoholic liver disease model mice fed with inulin, SCFAs improved inflammation [45]. Giving drinking water that contains acetic acid to mice before or during the inflammatory arthritis induction reduced paw swelling [46].…”

Section: Combined Inulin and Mgo Effect On The Scfa Concentrations Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combined Effects of Magnesium Oxide and Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

et al. 2021

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Constipation is a common condition that occurs in many people worldwide. While magnesium oxide (MgO) is often used as the first-line drug for chronic constipation in Japan, dietary fiber intake is also recommended. Dietary fiber is fermented by microbiota to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs are involved in regulating systemic physiological functions and circadian rhythm. We examined the effect of combining MgO and the water-soluble dietary fiber, inulin, on cecal SCFA concentration and microbiota in mice. We also examined the MgO administration timing effect on cecal SCFAs. The cecal SCFA concentrations were measured by gas chromatography, and the microbiota was determined using next-generation sequencing. Inulin intake decreased cecal pH and increased cecal SCFA concentrations while combining MgO increased the cecal pH lowered by inulin and decreased the cecal SCFA concentrations elevated by inulin. When inulin and MgO were combined, significant changes in the microbiota composition were observed compared with inulin alone. The MgO effect on the cecal acetic acid concentration was less when administered at ZT12 than at ZT0. In conclusion, this study suggests that MgO affects cecal SCFA and microbiota during inulin feeding, and the effect on acetic acid concentration is time-dependent.

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“…Inulin is an indigestible storage polysaccharide that is found in many vegetables [64]. In the ALD animal model, inulin was shown to increase intestinal content of propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid [65]. SCFAs with a small number of carbon atoms, such as propionic acid and butyric acid, are partially absorbed and are reported to inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver and promote the decomposition of low density lipoprotein cholesterol [66].…”

Section: -3 Cirrhosis and Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Liver Fibrosis

Lee¹,

Suk²

2020

Preprint

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Liver cirrhosis is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide. In addition to viral hepatitis, genetic conditions such as steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, sclerosing cholangitis, and Wilson’s disease can also lead to cirrhosis. Moreover, alcohol can cause cirrhosis on its own and exacerbate chronic liver disease from other causes. The treatment of cirrhosis can be divided into addressing the cause of cirrhosis and reversing liver fibrosis. To this date, there is still no clear consensus on the treatment of cirrhosis. Recently, there has been a lot of interest in potential treatments that modulate the gut microbiota and gut-liver axis for the treatment of cirrhosis. According to recent studies, modulation of the gut microbiome by probiotics ameliorates the progression of liver disease. The precise mechanism for relieving cirrhosis via gut microbial modulation has not been identified. This paper summarizes the role and effects of the gut microbiome in cirrhosis based on experimental and clinical studies on absorbable antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. Moreover, it provides evidence of a relationship between the gut microbiome and liver cirrhosis.

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Inulin alleviates inflammation of alcoholic liver disease via SCFAs-inducing suppression of M1 and facilitation of M2 macrophages in mice

Cited by 140 publications

References 41 publications

Von Willebrand Factor Deficiency Improves Hepatic Steatosis, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammation in Mice Fed High‐Fat Diet

Von Willebrand Factor Deficiency Improves Hepatic Steatosis, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammation in Mice Fed High‐Fat Diet

The Combined Effects of Magnesium Oxide and Inulin on Intestinal Microbiota and Cecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Liver Fibrosis

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