Inulin-Type Fructans with Different Degrees of Polymerization Improve Lipid Metabolism but Not Glucose Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet Under Energy Restriction

Han, Kyu‐Ho; Tsuchihira, Hiroaki; Nakamura, Yasuhiko; Shimada, Kaoru; Ohba, Kohtaro; Aritsuka, Tsutomu; Uchino, H.; Kikuchi, Hirohito; Fukushima, Michihiro

doi:10.1007/s10620-013-2631-z

Cited by 30 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Stewart and others also reported that short-chain inulin is fermented rapidly compared with longer-chain inulin (22). This is corroborated by our previous study, which also showed similar findings in animals fed DP 10, DP 15, and DP 24 inulins, where most of the low molecular weight inulin led to lower cecal SCFA concentrations than high molecular weight inulin (9). However, accumulated data from animal and in vitro studies suggest that there is considerable variation between inulin-type fructans in the rate of fermentation and the SCFAs produced.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Comparison of the Effects of Longer Chain Inulins with Different Degrees of Polymerization on Colonic Fermentation in a Mixed Culture of Swine Fecal Bacteria

Han

Kobayashi

Nakamura

et al. 2014

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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The complex human large bowel microbiome is critical for health and its growth and metabolic activity is highly dependent on substrate availability (1, 2). Quantitatively, the major carbon and energy sources are nondigestible dietary carbohydrates (fiber), undigested proteins and host mucopolysaccharides (3,4). The main fiber carbohydrates are non starch polysaccharides (NSP) and resistant starches (RS) which are fermented to short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) leading to a lowering of pH, which is thought to protect against the absorption of cytotoxic and genotoxic bacterial products. Of the three major SCFAs, acetate, propionate and butyrate, the last is thought to be especially important for the maintenance of optimal colonic function and protection against serious large bowel disease in the long term.Recently, inulin-type fructans (b-(2,1)-linked fructosyl residues) have attracted industrial and scientific attention. These fiber components are produced mostly from chicory roots and are fermented extensively by the large bowel microbiome. Fructans are classified to their degree of polymerization (DP) as oligofructose (average DP of 4, ranging from 2 to 8) or longer chain inulins (average DP10, ranging from 2 to 60). The latter are subdivided into granulated inulin (GR; average DP of 10, ranging from 2 to 60), and high-performance inulin (HP; average DP of 24, ranging from 10 to 60) as well as Synergy 1, a specific 1 : 1 mixture of oligofructose and the HP-inulin. It has been established that both the rate and end products of gut microbial fermentation of fructans are affected profoundly by DP (5, 6). Short-chain saccharides are likely to be fermented more rapidly than longer ones (7,8). Previously we have shown in rats that an inulin-type fructan (inulin-Tokachi, average DP of 15, range 2-60) was fermented throughout the colon more slowly than inulin-GR (average DP of 10) but faster than inulin-HP (average DP of 24) (9). This difference translated to in differences in the number of colonic microbial species and hypolipidemic response (9). Summary The effects of inulin with three different degrees of polymerization (DP) on microbial dietary fiber fermentation were compared in an in vitro simulator of the porcine large bowel. The three inulin isolates had a DP of 15 (from chicory grown in Hokkaido, Japan), and 10 and 24 (from Orafti, Belgium), while cellulose was used as a control. The Lactobacillus level in the DP 10 group at 48 h and bifidobacteria levels in the DP 15 and DP 24 groups at 24 and 48 h were significantly higher than in the carbohydrate-free and cellulose groups. The SCFA concentrations in all the inulin groups were significantly higher than in the carbohydrate-free and cellulose groups at 24 and 48 h. Ammonia nitrogen concentrations in all the inulin groups were significantly lower than those in the carbohydrate-free and cellulose groups at 24 and 48 h. The three different inulin types were fermentable by gut microbiota as indicated by substantial increases in SCFA. In particular, inulin DP 15 exhi...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Previously we have shown in rats that an inulin-type fructan (inulin-Tokachi, average DP of 15, range 2-60) was fermented throughout the colon more slowly than inulin-GR (average DP of 10) but faster than inulin-HP (average DP of 24) (9). This difference translated to in differences in the number of colonic microbial species and hypolipidemic response (9). …”

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confidence: 96%

Comparison of the Effects of Longer Chain Inulins with Different Degrees of Polymerization on Colonic Fermentation in a Mixed Culture of Swine Fecal Bacteria

Han

Kobayashi

Nakamura

et al. 2014

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Accordingly, changing the microbiota composition through direct administration of bacteria (probiotics) or indirect effect of prebiotics leads to weight loss [24]. In a recent study, the use of inulin has been shown to affect the gut microbiota of rats that were fed a high fat diet, and improve lipid metabolism [25]. Our results are similarly showing that inulin can correct an impaired lipid profile.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Effect of inulin supplementation in male mice fed with high fat diet on biochemical profile and α-amylase gene expression

Pouyamanesh¹,

Amoli²,

Yaghmaei³

et al. 2016

Trop. J. Pharm Res

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TG (282.15 ± 1.83 mg/dl in O2, (p < 0.001)), and cholesterol levels (335.72 ± 2.23 mg/dl in O2, (p < 0.001)), compared with control. In C2 group, mean body weight was 25.71 ± 0.54 g, TG level 214.29 ± 5.54 mg/dl, and cholesterol level 164.29 ±4.57 mg/dl. Compared to obese group, mice receiving inulin showed lower blood glucose levels (223.10 ± 8.7 mg/dl in E2, p < 0.001), body weight (27.86 ± 0.57 g in E2, p < 0.001), TG (232.14 ± 4.02 mg/dl in E2, p < 0.001) and cholesterol (249.97 ± 2.28 in E2, p < 0.001

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“…For example, these non-digestible carbohydrates have been demonstrated to reduce weight gain and related metabolic disorders via specific actions on food intake [5–7]. Most of these findings have been obtained following supplementation with inulin-type fructans from Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus ) and chicory ( Cichorium intybus ) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructans from Agave tequilana with a Lower Degree of Polymerization Prevent Weight Gain, Hyperglycemia and Liver Steatosis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Márquez-Aguirre¹,

Camacho-Ruíz

Gutiérrez-Mercado³

et al. 2016

Plant Foods Hum Nutr

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Fructans from agave have received specific attention because of their highly branched fructan content. We have previously reported that the degree of polymerization (dp) influences their biological activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of unfractionated and fractionated fructans (higher and lower dps) from Agave tequilana in high-fat diet-induced (HFD) obese mice. Fructans with a lower dp (HFD+ScF) decreased weight gain by 30 %, body fat mass by 51 %, hyperglycemia by 25 % and liver steatosis by 40 %. Interestingly, unfractionated fructans (HFD+F) decreased glucose and triglycerides (TG), whereas fractionated fructans with a higher dp (HFD+LcF) decreased TG but not glucose; in contrast, HFD+ScF decreased glucose but not TG. Our findings suggest that both higher and lower dp agave fructans have complementary effects in metabolic disorders related to obesity. These findings may contribute to the development of improved food supplements with a specific ratio combination of fructans with different dps.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11130-016-0578-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Inulin-Type Fructans with Different Degrees of Polymerization Improve Lipid Metabolism but Not Glucose Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet Under Energy Restriction

Abstract: Findings suggest that, depending on DP, dietary supplementation with inulin (DP 15 or DP 24) in rats fed a high-fat diet, regardless of food intake, positively modulates lipid metabolism and fecal microbiota but not glucose metabolism.

Cited by 30 publications

References 39 publications

Comparison of the Effects of Longer Chain Inulins with Different Degrees of Polymerization on Colonic Fermentation in a Mixed Culture of Swine Fecal Bacteria

Comparison of the Effects of Longer Chain Inulins with Different Degrees of Polymerization on Colonic Fermentation in a Mixed Culture of Swine Fecal Bacteria

Effect of inulin supplementation in male mice fed with high fat diet on biochemical profile and α-amylase gene expression

Fructans from Agave tequilana with a Lower Degree of Polymerization Prevent Weight Gain, Hyperglycemia and Liver Steatosis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

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