“…Replacement of zebra mussel by quagga mussel is now well documented, having been observed at several locations in its initial expansion routes around the Black Sea (Dniepr, Don, Volga) as well as in Europe (Marescaux et al, 2015) and northern America (e.g. Stoeckmann, 2003;Wilson et al, 2006;Ram et al, 2011;Stewart, 2014). We can therefore expect an important expansion of the quagga mussel population in the Rhône drainage, including its tributaries, but also in the adjacent drainages: canals provide artificial pathways from the Rhône to the Seine, Loire and Garonne drainages (Fig.…”