In this paper, algorithms invariant to position, rotation, noise and non-homogeneous illumination are presented. Here, several manners are studied to generate binary rings mask filters and the corresponding signatures associated to each image. Also, in this work it is shown that digital systems, which are based on the k-law non-linear correlation, are k-invariant for 0 < k < 1. The methodologies are tested using greyscale fossil diatoms digital images (real images), and considering the great similarity between those images the results obtained are excellent. The box plot statistical analysis and the computational cost times yield that the Bessel rings masks are the best option when the images contain a homogeneous illumination and the Fourier masks digital system is the right selection when the non-homogeneous illumination and noise is presented in the images.