Invariants as a unified knowledge model for Cyber-Physical Systems

Paul, Tamal; Kimball, Jonathan W.; Zawodniok, Maciej; Roth, Thomas; McMillin, Bruce M.

doi:10.1109/soca.2011.6166223

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The use of invariants in CPS is not new. In [12] the authors used invariants as a unified knowledge model for CPS. Some authors refer to invariants as "attack symptoms" and have used these to detect attacks in intrusion detection [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Process Invariants to Detect Cyber Attacks on a Water Treatment System

Adepu

Mathur

2016

ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection

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An experimental investigation was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of process invariants in detecting cyber-attacks on an Industrial Control System (ICS). An invariant was derived from one selected sub-process and coded into the corresponding controller. Experiments were performed each with an attack selected from a set of three stealthy attack types and launched in different states of the system to cause tank overflow and degrade system productivity. The impact of power failure, possibly due to an attack on the power source, was also studied. The effectiveness of the detection method was investigated against several design parameters. Despite the apparent simplicity of the experiment, results point to challenges in implementing invariant-based attack detection in an operational Industrial Control System.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Process Invariants to Detect Cyber Attacks on a Water Treatment System

Adepu

Mathur

2016

ICT Systems Security and Privacy Protection

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“…The use of invariants for detecting attacks on CPS has been proposed by several researchers. The work that relates most closely to the techniques used in DAD is in Gamage et al (2010), Paul et al (2011), and Rosich et al (2014). In another work (Ahmed et al 2018), the model from the plant dynamics and unsupervised learning was used for attack detection.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascading effects of cyber-attacks on interconnected critical infrastructure

et al. 2021

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Modern critical infrastructure, such as a water treatment plant, water distribution system, and power grid, are representative of Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs) in which the physical processes are monitored and controlled in real time. One source of complexity in such systems is due to the intra-system interactions and inter-dependencies. Consequently, these systems are a potential target for attackers. When one or more of these infrastructure are attacked, the connected systems may also be affected due to potential cascading effects. In this paper, we report a study to investigate the cascading effects of cyber-attacks on two interdependent critical infrastructure namely, a Secure water treatment plant (SWaT) and a Water Distribution System (WADI).

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“…In the context of smart grid, the distributed computer algorithms get input from system state via local computation with messaging, passing over a computer network, collectively resulting in control signals to advanced power electronics. [5] With the development of smart grid and renewable energy technologies, microgrid (MG) has emerged as an effective way of relieving the stress caused by increasing the energy demands and global warming, and provided a flexible and high efficiency platform for distributed renewable energy generation, integration and utilisation. [6][7][8] MG is a cluster of interconnected distributed generators, loads and intermediate storage units, which cooperate with each other to be collectively treated by the grid as a controllable load or generator.…”

Section: Game-theoretical Energy Management Design For Smart Cyber-phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Game-theoretical energy management design for smart cyber-physical power systems

Zhou

Bai

Dong

et al. 2015

Cyber-Physical Systems

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In this paper, we consider the energy management problem for smart cyber-physical power systems with conventional utility companies, microgrids (MGs) and customers. We have adopted a game-theoretical approach to model the problem as a hierarchical game, which takes the interactions and interconnections among utility companies, MGs and customers into consideration. We have considered two completely different situations depending on whether utility companies can enforce their strategies upon MGs and customers, and have modelled the problem as a two-stage Stackelberg game and three-stage Stackelberg game, respectively. The backward induction method is used to analyse the proposed games and closed-form expressions are derived for optimum strategies. We prove that there exists a unique Nash equilibrium for each non-cooperative price competition game, and these Nash equilibria constitute the Stackelberg equilibrium. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and the relationships among system parameters.

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Invariants as a unified knowledge model for Cyber-Physical Systems

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Using Process Invariants to Detect Cyber Attacks on a Water Treatment System

Using Process Invariants to Detect Cyber Attacks on a Water Treatment System

Cascading effects of cyber-attacks on interconnected critical infrastructure

Game-theoretical energy management design for smart cyber-physical power systems

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