Invasive alien plants in the Pampas grasslands: a tri-national cooperation challenge

Fonseca, Carlos Roberto; Guadagnin, Demétrio Luís; Emer, Carine; Masciadri, Silvana; Germain, Paola; Zalba, Sergio Martín

doi:10.1007/s10530-013-0406-2

Cited by 53 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Grassy ecosystems around the world are being degraded by invasive plant species (Foxcroft et al 2010;Fonseca et al 2013;Kelemen et al 2016). Weed invasion, on top of habitat loss, fragmentation and other threats, make grassy ecosystems some of the most threatened on the planet (Veldman et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance maintains native and exotic plant species richness in invaded grassy woodlands

Driscoll

2017

J Vegetation Science

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Question Community invasion and dominance by exotic species can be abetted by disturbance and elevated nutrient levels. However, impacts of exotics on native species are often manifest through competition, suggesting disturbance or nutrient management could benefit native species. I therefore asked: does nutrient reduction through carbon addition, or disturbance to reduce biomass, contribute to restoration by increasing occurrence and richness of native plant species? Location SE Australia. Methods Using a field experiment spanning 4 yrs, this study assessed the potential for carbon addition, three types of disturbance (burn, crop, slash) and their interaction with native herbivore grazing to reduce exotic, and increase native, plant species in a critically endangered grassy woodland in SE Australia. Results Adding carbon reduced occurrence of one native and three exotic species, while increasing one exotic and one native species. The value of adding carbon for restoration was therefore ambiguous. Fencing to exclude the high‐density kangaroo population had temporary beneficial effects, suggesting that grazing reduced the number of native and exotic plant species by up to 56% and 21%, respectively. Species richness declined by year 3 in fenced areas, likely through competitive exclusion. Burn, slash and crop treatments also provided disturbance that maintained species richness and occurrence of many species, both native and exotic. Most grazing interactions reflected the benefit of alternative disturbance in the absence of grazing. However, there was also evidence that two species declined when crop and grazing acted in combination. Conclusions Very high grazing by native herbivores reduced plant species richness in this study. However, grazing or other forms of disturbance appeared critical for preventing a small number of exotic species from driving down occurrence and richness of many other native and exotic plant species. Although increased exotic species richness is undesirable, disturbance led to a better outcome for conservation than the low‐disturbance alternatives.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance maintains native and exotic plant species richness in invaded grassy woodlands

Driscoll

2017

J Vegetation Science

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“…The whole region has suffered modifications associated with land‐use changes, overgrazing, nutrient addition and introduction of non‐native forage species, increasing the risk of invasive species colonization (see Fonseca et al. for a review).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fonseca et al. () reported 356 invasive species for the Rio de la Plata grasslands, highlighting some differences and similarities between countries. For Rio Grande do Sul state, there is a list of 270 herbaceous and shrub naturalized species, but only 12% are currently considered to be invasive (Schneider ; Rolim et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape structure and climate affect plant invasion in subtropical grasslands

Guido

Vélez‐Martin

Overbeck

et al. 2016

Applied Vegetation Science

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Question: How do climate and landscape structure affect plant invasion process in south Brazilian natural grasslands?Location: Natural grasslands across Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil.Methods: We selected 20 plots (2 km 9 2 km each), situated in ten different grassland types in southern Brazil. In each grassland type, one plot was located in a region with remnant grassland cover <30% (not conserved landscapes) and another in a region with remnant grassland cover >60% (conserved landscapes), in a paired design. In each plot, we surveyed the presence and cover of the four most important invasive species of grasslands in Rio Grande do Sul (Cynodon dactylon, Eragrostis plana, Senecio madagascariensis and Ulex europaeus). We used 12 variables related to climate and landscape structure (i.e. composition and configuration) for testing causal models of plant invasion using Akaike's information criterion for path analyses.Results: Empirical evidence on how climatic conditions and landscape structure can cause plant invasion in subtropical grasslands was provided through six causal models validated with path analysis. The models indicated that increased water deficit, higher density of roads and losses in natural grassland cover caused an increment of invasive plant cover. Further, invasion differed between plots located in conserved vs not conserved landscapes, resulting in not conserved grasslands having a higher level of invasion. E. plana, a perennial grass from South Africa, was the most important invasive species in the grasslands, in terms of frequency and cover.Conclusions: Our results identified the general conditions that promote successful population growth of invasive plants in subtropical grasslands: water deficit, road density and land use, highlighting the effects of climate, landscape structure and human activity in the level of invasion across grassland types.

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“…En los últimos años en nuestro país se ha generado un interés creciente por las especies de plantas exóticas fuera de su área de distribución natural por causas antrópicas, tanto como potenciales especies invasoras (Zalba et al, 2000;Zalba & Villamil, 2002;Zalba & Ziller, 2007;Natale et al, 2008;Cuevas & Zalba, 2009, 2010, 2013Giorgis et al, 2011 a, b;Busso et al, 2013;Morichetti et al, 2013;Fonseca et al, 2013;Torresin et al, 2013;Ferreras et al, 2014) como también por su posible naturalización e integración a la flora del país, y en especial, las especies ornamentales escapadas de cultivo (Delucchi, 1996(Delucchi, , 1999(Delucchi, , 2003Hurrell & Delucchi, 2007 a, b;Hurrell et al, 2009Hurrell et al, , 2010Hurrell et al, , 2012Arana & Oggero, 2009;Delucchi & Hurrell, 2011;Arana et al, 2012). En esta sección se presentan nuevos integrantes de nuestra flora introducida que se han localizado y coleccionado en áreas por fuera de los sitios cultivados: bordes de montes forestales, terrenos aledaños a viviendas abandonadas en las montañas, baldíos y basurales con restos de acarreos de tierra, escombros y desechos de jardines tanto en pueblos como en ciudades, y bordes de caminos y vías férreas en el espacio periurbano y en el campo.…”

Section: Nuevas Citas Para La Flora Introducidaunclassified

Novedades Para La Flora De La Argentina

Cantero¹,

Barboza²,

Chiarini³

et al. 2016

Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot.

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Resumen: Con motivo de estar preparando la Flora de Córdoba, han surgido numerosas novedades para la flora argentina, a raíz de haberse intensificado los viajes de campo y la revisión de las colecciones de los principales herbarios del país. En este trabajo se dan a conocer tres nuevas citas para la flora nativa y 17 para la flora introducida de la Argentina (especies casuales y naturalizadas). Se describen e ilustran los nuevos registros y se realiza una lectotipificación. Además, se documenta formalmente por primera vez la presencia de 10 especies introducidas.Palabras clave: Nuevos registros, flora introducida, flora nativa, Argentina, lectotipificación. Summary:Novelties for the Flora of Argentina. On the occasion of preparing the Flora of Cordoba, new records for the Argentinean flora have been registered as a result of intensive field trips and the revision of the main herbaria collections of the country. In this paper, three new records for the native flora and 17 for the introduced flora (casual aliens and naturalized species) of Argentina are presented. Descriptions, illustrations and a lectotypification are done. Furthermore, the presence of 10 introduced species is formally documented for the first time.

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Invasive alien plants in the Pampas grasslands: a tri-national cooperation challenge

Cited by 53 publications

References 44 publications

Disturbance maintains native and exotic plant species richness in invaded grassy woodlands

Disturbance maintains native and exotic plant species richness in invaded grassy woodlands

Landscape structure and climate affect plant invasion in subtropical grasslands

Novedades Para La Flora De La Argentina

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