Invasive Alien Species

Ielmini, Michael R.; Sankaran, K. V.

doi:10.1002/9781119607045.ch1

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…Globalization facilitates the spread of pathogenic viruses [34,35] as well as invasive alien species (IAS) around the world as international commerce develops new trade routes, markets, and products [36][37][38]. Figure 3 shows the impact of the pandemic on the global supply chain [39].…”

Section: Contemporary Practical Problems That Threaten the Future Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integral Studies and Integral Practices for Humanity and Nature

Akiyama

2022

Philosophies

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Humanity is facing a crisis of survival. In order to save humanity and nature, we must rebuild their foundations. This paper proposes integral studies and integral practices as a possible new paradigm for the 21st century. First, we investigated the necessity of integral studies and integral practices, which were suggested by the following three evidences: (1) limitations of the Spiritual Revolution and modern philosophy, (2) limitations of the Scientific Revolution and modern science, and (3) contemporary practical problems that threaten the future of humanity and nature. Second, we investigated the purpose and the principle of integral studies and integral practices from a viewpoint of the nature of both human beings and universe. One of the fundamental questions for humanity is how to overcome the egoism of individuals as well as the entire human race. In this avenue, we think the first step is to transcend toraware, which is a Japanese word meaning both “states of being caught” and “what catches us”. The state of being caught manifests itself when the ego emerges while we begin to distinguish between the self and others. Therefore, integrity and intrinsic nature become principles of integral studies and integral practices. Consequently, integral studies and integral practices serve for the sake of nature including humanity. Third, we discussed the methodology of integral studies and integral practices. We argue its core is integral exploration and reframing of the self and others, ourselves and the world (universe), and humanity and nature. It consequently reveals integrity and harmonizes intellect, emotion, and volition as well as goodness, truth, and beauty while revealing integrity and opening up or unfolding the intrinsic nature of the individual and the collective. Finally, we addressed limitations and future agendas of integral studies and integral practices. We suggest it is essential to raise and discuss fundamental questions on humanity and nature as well as to elucidate the truly unknown, which cannot be understood within existing frameworks. However, whether it is correct or not will come to be verified over time. No one in the history of humanity has ever attained universal truth, which is absolutely true in light of absolute criteria that are not relativized by differences in space, time, or people, or which is absolutely true even without referring to any criteria. Therefore, it is necessary for each of us to discern what is right and maintain a critical gaze.

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Section: Contemporary Practical Problems That Threaten the Future Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integral Studies and Integral Practices for Humanity and Nature

Akiyama

2022

Philosophies

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“…For instance, invasive species are the third most severe threat to European threatened species. According to a report from 2015, 354 threatened species in Europe are specifically affected by invasive species, which accounts for 19% of all threatened species in Europe (IUCN, 2021). China is also one of the countries which suffer the most from the invasion of alien species, with a record number of at least 283 species (Yan et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whether including exotic species alters conservation prioritization: a case study in the Min River in southeastern China

Deng

et al. 2023

Journal of Fish Biology

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Conservation practices from the perspective of functional diversity (FD) and conservation prioritization need to account for the impacts of exotic species in freshwater ecosystems. This work first simulated the influence of exotic species on the values of FD in a schemed mechanistic model, and then a practical case study of conservation prioritization was performed in the Min River, the largest river in southeastern China, to discuss whether including exotic species alters prioritization. The mechanistic model revealed that exotic species significantly altered the expected FD if the number of exotic species occupied 2% of the community. Joint species distribution modelling indicated that the highest FD occurred in the west, northwest and north upstreams of the Min River. Values of FD in 64.69% of the basin decreased after the exotic species were removed from calculation. Conservation prioritization with the Zonation software proved that if first the habitats of exotic species were removed during prioritization, 62.75% of the highest prioritized areas were shifted, average species representation of the endemic species was improved and mean conservation efficiency was increased by 7.53%. Existence of exotic species will significantly alter the metrics of biodiversity and the solution for conservation prioritization, and negatively weighting exotic species in the scope of conservation prioritization is suggested to better protect endemic species. This work advocates a thorough estimate of the impacts of exotic species on FD and conservation prioritization, providing complementary evidence for conservation biology and valuable implications for local freshwater fish conservation.

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“…Before industrialization, people moved cultivated plants and domestic animals from place to place when they established new agricultural fields and colonies. In modern times, a wide variety of species have been introduced, intentionally and accidentally, into places other than their native habitat [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such exotic plants usually expand their distribution range beyond the place of initial establishment by leveraging their advantageous life-history strategies. In particular, the disturbed land provides microsites advantageous for exotic species equipped with opportunistic or ruderal life-history strategies [ 7 , 8 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Exotic plants with favorable life-history strategies in disturbed environments have reduced or replaced native species and changed ecosystem functions, raising concerns about the conservation of native ecosystems [ 7 , 8 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, Effect, and Control of Exotic Plants in Republic of Korea

Lim

Seok

Lim

et al. 2023

Biology

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This study was carried out to clarify the spatial distribution of exotic plants at national, regional, and local levels, as well as their ecological impacts, and to prepare a strategy to reduce the impacts in Republic of Korea. This study was attempted at the national, regional, and local levels throughout Republic of Korea. Compositae occupied the highest percentage among invading exotic plants in Republic of Korea. A review of the biological attributes of exotic plants based on the dormancy form, longevity, disseminule form, growth form, and radicoid form showed that therophytes, annual plants, plants that disperse seeds by gravity (D4), erect form (E), and nonclonal growth form (R5) occupied the highest proportion. At the national level, the spatial distribution of exotic plants tended to depend on topographic conditions such as elevation and slope degree, and to increase around urbanized areas, agricultural fields, and coastal areas. The habitat types that exotic plants established were similar in their native habitat and in Korea, where they invaded. They preferred disturbed land such as roadsides, bare ground, agricultural fields, and so on. The spatial distribution of vegetation types dominated by exotic plants was restricted in the lowland. The proportion of the exotic/native plants tended to proportionate reversely to the vegetation type richness (the number of vegetation types); that is, the ecological diversity. The proportion of the exotic plants was higher in artificial plantations, vegetation due to disturbance, and vegetation established on lower slopes compared with upper slopes. Even at the local level, the exotic plants appeared abundantly in the introduced vegetation, while they were rare in the native ones. In the vegetation infected by exotic species, not only the species composition changed significantly, but the species diversity also decreased. Restorative treatment by introducing mantle vegetation around the hiking trail inhibited the establishment of exotic plants. Further, the restoration practice recovered the similarity of the species composition compared to the reference vegetation and increased the species diversity.

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Invasive Alien Species

Cited by 8 publications

References 137 publications

Integral Studies and Integral Practices for Humanity and Nature

Integral Studies and Integral Practices for Humanity and Nature

Whether including exotic species alters conservation prioritization: a case study in the Min River in southeastern China

Distribution, Effect, and Control of Exotic Plants in Republic of Korea

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