Invasive and native populations of common ragweed exhibit strong tolerance to foliar damage

Gard, Benjamin; Bretagnolle, François; Dessaint, Fabrice; Laitung, Béryl

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2012.10.007

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…, Gard et al. ). Interestingly, Triadica sebifera —the only invasive woody species for which evolution of tolerance has been studied so far—appears to have increased tolerance following introduction (Appendix : Table S1; Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting effects of specialist and generalist herbivores on resistance evolution in invasive plants

Zhang

Pan

Blumenthal³

et al. 2018

Ecology

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Invasive alien plants are likely to be released from specialist herbivores and at the same time encounter biotic resistance from resident generalist herbivores in their new ranges. The Shifting Defense hypothesis predicts that this will result in evolution of decreased defense against specialist herbivores and increased defense against generalist herbivores. To test this, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of 61 common garden studies that provide data on resistance and/or tolerance for both introduced and native populations of 32 invasive plant species. We demonstrate that introduced populations, relative to native populations, decreased their resistance against specialists, and increased their resistance against generalists. These differences were significant when resistance was measured in terms of damage caused by the herbivore, but not in terms of performance of the herbivore. Furthermore, we found the first evidence that the magnitude of resistance differences between introduced and native populations depended significantly on herbivore origin (i.e., whether the test herbivore was collected from the native or non-native range of the invasive plant). Finally, tolerance to generalists was found to be higher in introduced populations, while neither tolerance to specialists nor that to simulated herbivory differed between introduced and native plant populations. We conclude that enemy release from specialist herbivores and biotic resistance from generalist herbivores have contrasting effects on resistance evolution in invasive plants. Our results thus provide strong support for the Shifting Defense hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting effects of specialist and generalist herbivores on resistance evolution in invasive plants

Zhang

Pan

Blumenthal³

et al. 2018

Ecology

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“…To study the role of the defense mechanisms involved in the evolutionary shift of invasive plant species, most studies have focused on the qualitative defenses while only a few of them have examined quantitative defenses (Rogers and Siemann 2005;Zou et al 2008;Feng et al 2009;Alba et al 2011;Gard et al 2012;Zhang et al 2012). Quantitative defenses can be based on morphology or on chemical compounds that occur in higher concentrations (Feeny 1976;Rhoades and Cates 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enemies lost: parallel evolution in structural defense and tolerance to herbivory of invasive Jacobaea vulgaris

et al. 2015

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According to the Shifting Defense Hypothesis, invasive plants should trade-off their costly quantitative defense to cheaper qualitative defense and growth due to the lack of natural specialist enemies and the presence of generalist enemies in the introduced areas. Several studies showed that plant genotypes from the invasive areas had a better qualitative defense than genotypes from the native area but only a few studies have focused on the quantitative defenses and tolerance ability. We compared structural defenses, tolerance and growth between invasive and native plant populations from different continents using the model plant Jacobaea vulgaris. We examined several microscopical structure traits, toughness, amount of cell wall proteins, growth and root-shoot ratio, which is a proxy for tolerance. The results show that invasive Jacobaea vulgaris have thinner leaves, lower leaf mass area, lower leaf cell wall protein contents and a lower root-shoot ratio than native genotypes. It indicates that invasive genotypes have poorer structural defense and tolerance to herbivory but potentially higher growth compared to native genotypes. These findings are in line with the Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability hypothesis and Shifting Defense Hypothesis. We also show that the invasiveness of this species in three geographically separated regions is consistently associated with the loss of parts of its quantitative defense and tolerance ability. The simultaneous change in quantitative defense and tolerance of the same magnitude and direction in the three invasive regions can be explained by parallel evolution. We argue that such parallel evolution might be attributed to the absence of natural enemies rather than adaptation to local abiotic factors, since climate conditions among these three regions were different. Understanding such evolutionary changes helps to understand why plant species become invasive and might be important for biological control.

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“…Merremia hederacea was more tolerant than M. micrantha , but the native species W. trilobata was much more tolerant than the invasive species W. chinensis . Generally, invasive plants have faster growth rates and the ability to compensate for and maintain similar root/shoot ratios after damage (Ashton & Lerdau, ; Gard, Bretagnolle, Dessaint, & Laitung, ). In our study, some of the native species were more tolerant than the invasive species, likely due to the properties of the plants or other abilities of invasive species, such as herbivore resistance or allelopathy (Barton, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of allometric partitioning on herbivory tolerance in four species in South China

Fan

Chen

Liao

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Herbivory tolerance can offset the negative effects of herbivory on plants and plays an important role in both immigration and population establishment. Biomass reallocation is an important potential mechanism of herbivory tolerance. To understand how biomass allocation affects plant herbivory tolerance, it is necessary to distinguish the biomass allocations resulting from environmental gradients or plant growth. There is generally a tight balance between the amounts of biomass invested in different organs, which must be analyzed by means of an allometric model. The allometric exponent is not affected by individual growth and can reflect the changes in biomass allocation patterns of different parts. Therefore, the allometric exponent was chosen to study the relationship between biomass allocation pattern and herbivory tolerance. We selected four species (Wedelia chinensis, Wedelia trilobata, Merremia hederacea, and Mikania micrantha), two of which are invasive species and two of which are accompanying native species, and established three herbivory levels (0%, 25% and 50%) to compare differences in allometry. The biomass allocation in stems was negatively correlated with herbivory tolerance, while that in leaves was positively correlated with herbivory tolerance. Furthermore, the stability of the allometric exponent was related to tolerance, indicating that plants with the ability to maintain their biomass allocation patterns are more tolerant than those without this ability, and the tendency to allocate biomass to leaves rather than to stems or roots helps increase this tolerance. The allometric exponent was used to remove the effects of individual development on allocation pattern, allowing the relationship between biomass allocation and herbivory tolerance to be more accurately explored. This research used an allometric model to fit the nonlinear process of biomass partitioning during the growth and development of plants and provides a new understanding of the relationship between biomass allocation and herbivory tolerance.

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Invasive and native populations of common ragweed exhibit strong tolerance to foliar damage

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Contrasting effects of specialist and generalist herbivores on resistance evolution in invasive plants

Contrasting effects of specialist and generalist herbivores on resistance evolution in invasive plants

Enemies lost: parallel evolution in structural defense and tolerance to herbivory of invasive Jacobaea vulgaris

The effect of allometric partitioning on herbivory tolerance in four species in South China

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