Invasive fungal infections after respiratory viral infections in lung transplant recipients are associated with lung allograft failure and chronic lung allograft dysfunction within 1 year

Permpalung, Nitipong; Liang, Tao; Gopinath, Shilpa; Bazemore, Katrina; Mathew, J.; Ostrander, Darin; Durand, Christine M.; Shoham, Shmuel; Zhang, Sean X.; Marr, Kieren A.; Avery, Robin K.; Shah, Pali D.

doi:10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.005

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

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“…Both CMV (44,45) and IA (3,46,47) have been shown to be independently associated with chronic lung allograft rejection (CLAD), a major cause of mortality in LTXr (48). Invasive fungal infections following respiratory viral infections have recently been shown to be associated with increased risk of CLAD (49) and IA following CMV may also reinforce the association with CLAD, but this has yet to be investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between invasive aspergillosis and cytomegalovirus in lung transplant recipients: a nationwide cohort study

Wulff

Perch

Helweg‐Larsen

et al. 2023

APMIS

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and invasive aspergillosis (IA) cause morbidity among lung transplant recipients (LTXr). Early diagnosis and treatment could improve outcomes. We examined rates of CMV after IA and vice versa to assess whether screening for one infection is warranted after detecting the other. All Danish LTXr, 2010–2019, were followed for IA and CMV for 2 years after transplantation. IA was defined using ISHLT criteria. Adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) were estimated by Poisson regression adjusted for time after transplantation. We included 295 LTXr, among whom CMV and IA were diagnosed in 128 (43%) and 48 (16%). The risk of CMV was high the first 3 months after IA, IR 98/100 person‐years of follow‐up (95% CI 47–206). The risk of IA was significantly increased in the first 3 months after CMV, aIRR 2.91 (95% CI 1.32–6.44). Numbers needed to screen to diagnose one case of CMV after IA, and one case of IA after CMV was approximately seven and eight, respectively. Systematic screening for CMV following diagnosis of IA, and vice versa, may improve timeliness of diagnosis and outcomes for LTXr.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between invasive aspergillosis and cytomegalovirus in lung transplant recipients: a nationwide cohort study

Wulff

Perch

Helweg‐Larsen

et al. 2023

APMIS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Lung Transplantation

Christie,

Van Raemdonck,

Fisher

2024

N Engl J Med

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Revealing the hidden interplay: The unexplored relationship between fungi and viruses beyond HIV, SARS-CoV-2, and influenza

Ghelfenstein-Ferreira,

Serris,

Salmona

et al. 2024

Medical Mycology

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The complex interaction between viruses and fungi has profound implications, especially given the significant impact of these microorganisms on human health. While well-known examples such as HIV, influenza and SARS-CoV-2 are recognized as risk factors for invasive fungal diseases (IFD), the relationship between viruses and fungi remains largely underexplored outside of these cases. Fungi and viruses can engage in symbiotic or synergistic interactions. Remarkably, some viruses, known as mycoviruses, can directly infect fungi, may influencing their phenotype and potentially their virulence. In addition, viruses and fungi can coexist within the human microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms. Under certain conditions, viral infection might predispose the host to an invasive fungal infection, as observed with Influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis or COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis. We aim in this review to highlight potential connections between fungi and viruses (CMV and other herpesviruses, HTLV-1 and respiratory viruses), excluding SARS-CoV-2 and influenza.

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Invasive fungal infections after respiratory viral infections in lung transplant recipients are associated with lung allograft failure and chronic lung allograft dysfunction within 1 year

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Associations between invasive aspergillosis and cytomegalovirus in lung transplant recipients: a nationwide cohort study

Associations between invasive aspergillosis and cytomegalovirus in lung transplant recipients: a nationwide cohort study

Lung Transplantation

Revealing the hidden interplay: The unexplored relationship between fungi and viruses beyond HIV, SARS-CoV-2, and influenza

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