Invasive fungal infections in kidney and liver transplant recipients in a center in northeast Brazil

Holanda, Pablo Eliack Linhares de; Oliveira, Cláudia Maria Costa de; Leitão, Teresinha do Menino Jesus Silva; Garcia, José Huygens Parente; Sousa, Maria Danielly de Almeida; Silva, Renata Antunes Bruno da; Silva, Sônia Leite da; Girão, Evelyne Santana

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18699

Cited by 2 publications

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“…All cases were diagnosed in kidney transplant patients, most (42.8%) with the a disseminated form. 21 Very rare in immunocompetent patients, disseminated histoplasmosis was found in 8% of cases identified in a systematic review, while most patients (605/724, 84%) had acute pulmonary histoplasmosis. 22…”

Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 94%

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Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients

et al. 2022

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Background: Histoplasmosis is the most common endemic mycosis among people living with advanced HIV infection. Purpose: Describe general aspects and challenges of this disease and its association with HIV. Research Design: Review of literature. Study Sample: Articles found using different combinations of terms including “disseminated histoplasmosis” and AIDS/HIV or immunosuppression in PubMed, Scopus, WHO Global health library, and Scielo database. Analysis: We look for information on epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of histoplasmosis in AIDS patients. Results: Histoplasmosis is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungus encountered throughout the world, mainly in soil enriched with bat and bird excreta. Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis is the main presentation of this mycosis in people living with advanced HIV and is fatal if left untreated. Symptoms include a systemic disease characterized by fever, weight loss, night sweats, skin manifestations, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and septic shock. Diagnostic tests include culture, visualization of H. capsulatum by direct and histopathological examination, serology, antigen, molecular, and skin testing. Patients with disseminated disease require aggressive and prolonged treatment to eradicate the pathogen and include amphotericin B and itraconazole. In many low income countries of endemic regions, histoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed as another opportunistic infection, due to the similarity in clinical manifestations and to the paucity of better diagnostic tests. Conclusion: Histoplasmosis remains a neglected disease. Few studies about the disease and expensive treatments make it difficult to reduce the morbidity and mortality of this condition. Public health services and physicians must be aware of histoplasmosis' burden among the HIV-positive population.

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Section: Etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 94%

“…All cases were diagnosed in kidney transplant patients, most (42.8%) with the a disseminated form. 21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients

et al. 2022

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Epidemiology of Invasive Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: an Indian Perspective

Sharma

Rudramurthy

Chakrabarti³

2022

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

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Purpose of Review This review summarizes the available Indian data on epidemiology of invasive fungal infections (IFI) in recipients of solid organ transplants (SOT). The epidemiology is further compared with studies from other parts of the world for each SOT type. Recent Findings The available studies on Indian epidemiology of IFI in SOT are scarce, though the number of SOTs performed in India have increased tremendously in recent years. The limited data from India present a distinct spectrum of infection in transplant recipients with high incidence of mucormycosis. During COVID-19 outbreak, IFI rate increased and renal transplant recipients acquired mucormycosis earlier than previous studies. Summary Maximum data on IFI was available from renal transplant recipients, wherein mucormycosis was the predominant IFI in Indian patients in contrast to invasive candidiasis in majority countries. The other IFIs had varied spectrum. With the increasing number of SOTs being performed and the already persisting high burden of IFI in India, there is an urgent need of larger prospective studies on epidemiology of IFI in transplant recipients.

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Invasive fungal infections in kidney and liver transplant recipients in a center in northeast Brazil

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients

Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients

Epidemiology of Invasive Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: an Indian Perspective

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