Invasive Infection with Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Report of Three Cases and Review

Aucott, John N.; Fayen, John D.; Grossnicklas, Hans; Morrissey, Anne B.; Lederman, Michael M.; Salata, Robert A.

doi:10.1093/clinids/12.3.406

Cited by 125 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…for the production of recombinant proteins) forms of biotechnology and as a dietary supplement. There have been numerous reports of S. cerevisiae inducing disease in both healthy and immunocompromised individuals [1] and the yeast has been found in many diverse body sites including the lungs [2][3][4], the liver and blood [2], oesophagus, scrotum and urine [4]. S. cerevisiae has also been found to be the aetiological agent of vaginitis in a number of instances [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence of clinical isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to buccal epithelial cells

Murphy

Kavanagh

2001

Med Mycol

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A number of isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been associated with disease in immunocompromised individuals. Such isolates display a variety of characteristics that enable colonization and persistence in the host. The aim of the work presented here was to establish whether clinical isolates of S. cerevisiae were capable of adhering to epithelial tissue. Adherence to host tissue has been shown to be crucial to the virulence of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, and identi cation of this ability in S. cerevisiae might indicate a role for adherence in tissue colonization by this emerging pathogen. Clinical S. cerevisiae isolates were found to be capable of adhering to exfoliated buccal epithelial cells (BECs) but to a lesser degree than C. albicans. In contrast to the situation evident with C. albicans, the adherence of S. cerevisiae isolates to BECs was not in uenced by the carbon source in which the yeast was grown. Treatment of S. cerevisiae with trypsin or proteinase K resulted in a signi cant reduction in adherence ability while adherence was unaffected by treatment of cells with mannosidase, thus indicating a possible role for proteins rather than mannoproteins in the adherence of S. cerevisiae to BECs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence of clinical isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to buccal epithelial cells

Murphy

Kavanagh

2001

Med Mycol

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“…In women, S. cerevisiae is mainly responsible for vaginitis, clinically comparable to recurrent candidal vaginitis, which can be effectively treated by the extensive use of azole derivatives, against which S. cerevisiae is usually resistant (27,30). S. cerevisiae may also be responsible for severe disease in immunocompromised patients (1,7) and is now considered an emerging opportunist pathogen (12). Over the past decade, a growing number of reports on systemic and disseminated infections due to Saccharomyces have been published, and a recent epidemiological study showed that S. cerevisiae was responsible for 3.6% of all fungemias (24).…”

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Microsatellite Typing as a New Tool for Identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains

et al. 2001

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Since Saccharomyces cerevisiae appears to be an emerging pathogen, there is a need for a valuable molecular marker able to distinguish among strains. In this work, we investigated the potential value of microsatellite length polymorphism with a panel of 91 isolates, including 41 clinical isolates, 14 laboratory strains, and 28 strains with industrial relevance. Testing seven polymorphic regions (five trinucleotide repeats and two dinucleotide repeats) in a subgroup of 58 unrelated strains identified a total of 69 alleles (6 to 13 per locus) giving 52 different patterns with a discriminatory power of 99.03%. We found a cluster of clinical isolates sharing their genotype with a bakery strain, suggesting a digestive colonization following ingestion of this strain with diet. With the exception of this cluster of isolates and isolates collected from the same patient or from patients treated with Saccharomyces boulardii, all clinical isolates gave different and unique patterns. The genotypes are stable, and the method is reproducible. The possibility to make the method portable is of great interest for further studies using this technique. This work shows the possibility to readily identify S. boulardii (a strain increasingly isolated from invasive infections) using a unique and specific microsatellite allele.

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“…In this case, it is likely that S. cerevisiae infected the graft after the aorta-enteric fistula developed, as S. cerevisiae is a common colonizer of duodenal mucosa (1). Previous cases of S. cerevisiae fungemia have been successfully treated with amphotericin B or ketoconazole, but as with our patient, antifungal treatment often fails (1). Failure is often due to comorbidities.…”

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confidence: 61%

“…Saccharomyces cerevisiae fungemia is rare but has been reported in association with odontic procedures, use of Saccharomyces boulardi as a probiotic, pancreatic cancer, burns, renal failure, and prosthetic valve endocarditis (1,3,5,6,8,10). In this case, it is likely that S. cerevisiae infected the graft after the aorta-enteric fistula developed, as S. cerevisiae is a common colonizer of duodenal mucosa (1).…”

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Fatal Saccharomyces cerevisiae Aortic Graft Infection

Smith¹,

Metzgar

Wills

et al. 2002

J Clin Microbiol

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a yeast commonly used in baking and a frequent colonizer of human mucosal surfaces. It is considered relatively nonpathogenic in immunocompetent adults (J. N. Aucott, J. Fayan, H. Grossnicklas, A. Morrissey, M. M. Lederman, and R. A. Salata, Rev. Infect. Dis. 12:406-411, 1990). We present a case of S. cerevisiae fungemia and aortic graft infection in an immunocompetent adult. This is the first reported case of S. cerevisiae fungemia where the identity of the pathogen was confirmed by rRNA sequencing. CASE REPORTA 56-year-old man with a past medical history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis had an aorticbifemoral graft placed uneventfully in July 1998 for relief of intermittent claudication. In May 1999, the patient reported lancing a "cyst" that had developed in his right groin. Eight months later, the patient returned, reporting that the "cyst" had been spontaneously and intermittently draining since it had been lanced. Initial bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal cultures of the draining material were without growth, and no organisms were seen with Gram staining. Subsequent abdominal computerized tomography showed fluid surrounding the graft. The patient was admitted to the hospital, two sets of (aerobic and anaerobic) blood cultures (ESP; Trek) were obtained, and intravenous cefoxitin and metronidazole were started. On hospital day eight, small, round yeasts were isolated from one of the initial aerobic blood cultures and amphotericin B was started. After receiving a total of 500 mg of amphotericin B, the patient underwent a repeat abdominal computerized tomography, which again showed fluid surrounding the graft. The patient then underwent surgery and was found to have an aortic-enteric fistula between the proximal end of the aorta-bifemoral graft and his proximal jejunum. The graft was replaced with cryopreserved aorta, and the adherent small bowel was resected. The patient's postoperative course was complicated by respiratory failure with acute lung injury, disseminated intravascular coagulation, anuria, and eventually circulatory collapse and death.The blood culture isolate was identified as Saccharomyces by biochemical tests (API 20C AUX [Biomerieux] and UniYeast-TEK [Remel]) and the presence of ascospores. Specifically, the isolate utilized glucose, galactose, ␣-methyl-D-glucoside, maltose, saccharose/sucrose, trehalose, and raffinose.

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Invasive Infection with Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Report of Three Cases and Review

Cited by 125 publications

References 13 publications

Adherence of clinical isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to buccal epithelial cells

Adherence of clinical isolates of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to buccal epithelial cells

Microsatellite Typing as a New Tool for Identification of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains

Fatal Saccharomyces cerevisiae Aortic Graft Infection

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