Invasive Insects in Plant Biosecurity: Case Study – Mediterranean Fruit Fly

Lance, D. R.; Woods, W.; Stefan, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7365-3_15

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) is among the most important pests of cultivated fruits (Malacrida et al , 2007). Among the Tephritidae, the medfly is the most known polyphagous species, attacking more than 200 host plant species, and causing large economic losses to a wide range of agriculture crops (Liquido et al , 1991; Aluja & Mangan, 2008; Lance et al , 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal activity of a Moroccan strain ofStreptomyces phaeochromogenesLD-37 on larvae, pupae and adults of the Mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata(Diptera: Tephritidae)

Samri

Baz

Ghalbane

et al. 2016

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The Mediterranean fruit fly (medfly), Ceratitis capitata, is considered the most important fruit pest worldwide. Its management is mainly based on the use of chemical insecticides. Although these conventional pesticides are effective at high doses, they cause considerable human health and environment problems. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess insecticidal activity of Moroccan actinobacteria against C. capitata. A total of 12 preselected actinobacteria isolated from various Moroccan habitats were screened for their insecticidal activity against larvae, pupae and adults of C. capitata. Four actinobacteria isolates were significantly active against the first-instar larvae, and nine were active against the medfly adult, while no significant mortality was obtained against the third-instar larval and pupal stages. Among the selected isolates, the biological screening revealed that strain Streptomyces LD-37, which showed 99.4% similarity with Streptomyces phaeochromogenes, exhibited the maximal corrected larval mortality of 98%. Moreover, the isolates AS1 and LD-37 showed the maximum significant corrected mortality against adults of 32.5 and 28.2%, respectively. The crude extract obtained from a fermented culture of strain S. phaeochromogenes LD-37 was separated into six fractions by thin layer chromatography. Fractions F3 and F4 caused a significant corrected larval mortality of 66.7 and 53.3%, respectively; whereas the maximum reduction in adult emergence was obtained with fraction F4. This finding could be useful for utilizing S. phaeochromogenes LD-37 as an alternative to chemical insecticides in pest management of C. capitata.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insecticidal activity of a Moroccan strain ofStreptomyces phaeochromogenesLD-37 on larvae, pupae and adults of the Mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata(Diptera: Tephritidae)

Samri

Baz

Ghalbane

et al. 2016

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…A case in hand concerns one of the most economically costly pest species worldwide; the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) (Malacrida et al, 2007;De Meyer et al, 2008). This species shows a wide larval hosts range comprising more than 200 different species of fruits and vegetables (Lance et al, 2014). In Morocco, the Medfly survives in large forests (800,000 hectares) of endemic Argan trees and invades continuously bordering agricultural areas (Alaoui et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary assessment of insecticidal activity of Moroccan actinobacteria isolates against mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata)

Samri¹,

Baz²,

Jamjari³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Microbial insecticides are considered as the most sustainable and ecologically acceptable means of crop protection. Here we report the ability of some Moroccan actinobacteria isolates to produce larvicidal compounds against the Medfly (Ceratitis capitata Wied.). Thus, actinobacteria isolates were tested for their insecticidal activity through biological and chemical screening. The primary biological screening using the brine shrimp bioassay showed that 12 isolates out of 210 (5.71%) have been found to be highly toxic at the concentration of 100 µg mL-1. Among these, isolates OS46, 37 and B62 were the most toxic with an LC 50 of 0.26, 0.34 and 0.84 µg mL-1 , respectively. The freeze-dried fermentation of the selected isolates showed moderate to high insecticidal activity against the first instar larvae of C. capitata, and the most important pupation reduction was obtained for isolates 37 and B89 (0 and 6% of pupation, respectively). The chemical screening on thin layer chromatography of the crude extract of the most important isolates using specific insecticide family's reagents showed a variety of compounds depending on isolate with at least one active spot for each tested specific reagent. Finally, the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity test was carried out in order to assess the possible nature of insecticidal activity of selected isolates. The obtained results show that, except the isolate 37 which probably acts by a different mode of action, all other isolates were active. This finding could have an applicative value for the potentiality of utilizing Moroccan actinobacteria isolates as an alternative to chemical insecticides in pest management mainly against C. capitata.

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“…Surveillance is an essential tool for determining and monitoring the spatial distribution of the pathogen in an eradication or containment programme (FAO 2006). Its ultimate objective is detection and containment of incidences of pest incursions before the invasion becomes unmanageable (Lance et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quarantine and surveillance strategies for plant pathogen detection and control

Baxter¹,

Parnell²,

Hamilton³

2015

Weber, T., McPhee, M.J. And Anderssen, R.S. (Eds) MODSIM2015, 21st International Congress on Modelling and Simulation

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Incursions of plant pests and diseases pose serious threats to food security, agricultural productivity and the natural environment. One of the challenges in confidently delimiting and eradicating incursions is how to choose from an arsenal of surveillance and quarantine approaches in order to best control multiple dispersal pathways. Anthropogenic spread (propagules carried on humans or transported on produce or equipment) can be controlled with quarantine measures, which in turn can vary in intensity. In contrast, environmental spread processes are more difficult to control, but often have a temporal signal (e.g. seasonality) which can introduce both challenges and opportunities for surveillance and control. This leads to complex decisions regarding when, where and how to search. Recent modelling investigations of surveillance performance have optimised the output of simulation models, and found that a risk-weighted randomised search can perform close to optimally. However, exactly how quarantine and surveillance strategies should change to reflect different dispersal modes remains largely unaddressed. Here we develop a spatial simulation model of a plant fungal-pathogen incursion into an agricultural region, and its subsequent surveillance and control. We include structural differences in dispersal via the interplay of biological, environmental and anthropogenic connectivity between host sites (farms). Our objective was to gain broad insights into the relative roles played by different spread modes in propagating an invasion, and how incorporating knowledge of these spread risks may improve approaches to quarantine restrictions and surveillance. We find that broad heuristic rules for quarantine restrictions fail to contain the pathogen due to residual connectivity between sites, but surveillance measures enable early detection and successfully lead to suppression of the pathogen in all farms. Alternative surveillance strategies attain similar levels of performance by incorporating environmental or anthropogenic dispersal risk in the prioritisation of sites. Our model provides the basis to develop essential insights into the effectiveness of different surveillance and quarantine decisions for fungal pathogen control. Parameterised for authentic settings it will aid our understanding of how the extent and resolution of interventions should suitably reflect the spatial structure of dispersal processes.

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Invasive Insects in Plant Biosecurity: Case Study – Mediterranean Fruit Fly

Cited by 14 publications

References 105 publications

Insecticidal activity of a Moroccan strain ofStreptomyces phaeochromogenesLD-37 on larvae, pupae and adults of the Mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata(Diptera: Tephritidae)

Insecticidal activity of a Moroccan strain ofStreptomyces phaeochromogenesLD-37 on larvae, pupae and adults of the Mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata(Diptera: Tephritidae)

Preliminary assessment of insecticidal activity of Moroccan actinobacteria isolates against mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata)

Quarantine and surveillance strategies for plant pathogen detection and control

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