Invasive Non-<i>Aspergillus</i>Mold Infections in Transplant Recipients, United States, 2001–2006

Park, Benjamin J.; Pappas, Peter G.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Alexander, Barbara D.; Anaissie, Elias; Andes, David R.; Baddley, John W.; Brown, Janice; Brumble, Lisa; Freifeld, Alison G.; Hadley, Susan; Herwaldt, Loreen A.; Ito, James I.; Kauffman, Carol A.; Lyon, G. Marshall; Marr, Kieren A.; Morrison, Vicki A.; Papanicolaou, Genovefa A.; Patterson, Thomas F.; Perl, Trish M.; Schuster, Mindy G.; Walker, Randall C.; Wingard, John R.; Walsh, Thomas J.; Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P.

doi:10.3201/eid1710.110087

Cited by 284 publications

(294 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Unlike infections in the normal host, fusariosis in the immunocompromised population is typically invasive and disseminated. Disseminated infections occur mainly in patients with hematological malignancies and have also occasionally been reported in the immunocompromised patients due to transplantation, solid tumors, and autoimmune disorders [13,[27][28][29][30]. In line with this, 80 % of the patients with disseminated fusariosis in the present study had hematological malignancy.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Emergence of fusarioses in a university hospital in Turkey during a 20-year period

Cilo

Al‐Hatmi

Seyedmousavi

et al. 2015

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Fusarium species have started appearing increasingly as the main cause of infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. In this study, we aimed to present the first epidemiological data from Turkey, analyze fusariosis cases that have been monitored in a university hospital during the past 20 years, identify the responsible Fusarium species, and determine antifungal susceptibilities. A total of 47 cases of fusariosis was included in the study. Fusarium isolates were identified by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Antifungal susceptibility was tested by the broth microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) methodology. Of the Fusarium infections, 23.4 % were superficial, 44.7 % were locally invasive, and 31.9 % were disseminated. A significant increase was observed over the years. The Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) proved to be the most frequent agent group (17 cases; 51.5 %), followed by the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) (14 cases; 42.4 %), the Fusarium dimerum species complex (FDSC), and the Fusarium oxysporum species complexes (FOSC) (one case each). Amphotericin B had the highest in vitro activity against all species. Voriconazole and posaconazole showed interspecies variability across and within Fusarium species complexes. In conclusion, our data support the fact that regional differences exist in the distribution of the Fusarium species and that species-specific differences are observed in antifungal susceptibility patterns. The monitoring of local epidemiological data by determining fungal identity and susceptibility are of importance in guiding the clinical followup of patients.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Emergence of fusarioses in a university hospital in Turkey during a 20-year period

Cilo

Al‐Hatmi

Seyedmousavi

et al. 2015

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…Unfortunately, the current standard diagnostic methods are far from adequate (4)(5)(6). To overcome this obstacle, many researchers have focused on the development of novel diagnostic approaches, with serologic and, especially, molecular methods currently in the spotlight of such investigations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular and Nonmolecular Diagnostic Methods for Invasive Fungal Infections

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Invasive fungal infections constitute a serious threat to an ever-growing population of immunocompromised individuals and other individuals at risk. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as histopathology and culture, which are still considered the gold standards, have low sensitivity, which underscores the need for the development of new means of detecting fungal infectious agents. Indeed, novel serologic and molecular techniques have been developed and are currently under clinical evaluation. Tests like the galactomannan antigen test for aspergillosis and the β-glucan test for invasive Candida spp. and molds, as well as other antigen and antibody tests, for Cryptococcus spp., Pneumocystis spp., and dimorphic fungi, have already been established as important diagnostic approaches and are implemented in routine clinical practice. On the other hand, PCR and other molecular approaches, such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), have proved promising in clinical trials but still need to undergo standardization before their clinical use can become widespread. The purpose of this review is to highlight the different diagnostic approaches that are currently utilized or under development for invasive fungal infections and to identify their performance characteristics and the challenges associated with their use.

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“…Fungi of the genera Scedosporium and Pseudallescheria are important pathogens, especially in immunocompromised stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients [1][2][3]. They are of concern due to the high mortality of resultant infection and their resistance to many antifungal agents [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genus Scedosporium and Pseudallescheria: Current Challenges in Laboratory Diagnosis

Ramsperger

Duan

Sorrell

et al. 2014

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Scedosporium and Pseudallescheria fungi are increasingly encountered fungal pathogens. Species identification is important as there are differences in epidemiology, virulence, and antifungal susceptibility that vary according to species or species groups. Histological and culture techniques are limited by low sensitivity and specificity but improved culture approaches employing selective media have improved the recovery of these fungi from clinical samples. Molecular-and proteomics-based methods are increasingly explored and used for species identification. These include multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and other PCR-based methods, oligonucleotide arrays, DNA sequencing, rolling circle amplification, and matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry. These techniques have been harnessed for the detection and identification of Scedosporium and Pseudallescheria species directly from clinical samples and from cultures. This review summarizes the methods currently used to enable an informed choice of detection and/or identification techniques in the clinical mycology laboratory.

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Invasive Non-AspergillusMold Infections in Transplant Recipients, United States, 2001–2006

Cited by 284 publications

References 33 publications

Emergence of fusarioses in a university hospital in Turkey during a 20-year period

Emergence of fusarioses in a university hospital in Turkey during a 20-year period

Molecular and Nonmolecular Diagnostic Methods for Invasive Fungal Infections

The Genus Scedosporium and Pseudallescheria: Current Challenges in Laboratory Diagnosis

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