Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Greenland

Christiansen, J.; Poulsen, Peter; Ladefoged, Karin

doi:10.1080/00365540410020460

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Approximately 59% of the population in the region self-identify as Inuit, First Nations, or Métis, compared with 3.3% of the total Canadian population (2). Northern populations tend to have higher rates of invasive bacterial diseases, including those caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus infl uenzae, with aboriginal persons at greatest risk for disease (3)(4)(5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Invasive Bacterial Diseases in Northern Canada

Degani

Navarro

Deeks

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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International Circumpolar Surveillance (ICS) is a population-based invasive bacterial disease surveillance network. Participating Canadian regions include Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and northern regions of Québec and Labrador (total population 132,956, 59% aboriginal). Clinical and demographic information were collected by using standardized surveillance forms. Bacterial isolates were forwarded to reference laboratories for confi rmation and serotyping. After pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction, crude annual incidence rates of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae decreased from 34.0/100,000 population (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)) to 23.6/100,000 population (2003)(2004)(2005); substantial reductions were shown among aboriginals. However, incidence rates of S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus infl uenzae, and group A streptococci were higher in aboriginal populations than in non-aboriginal populations. H. infl uenzae type b was rare; 52% of all H. infl uenzae cases were caused by type a. Data collected by ICS contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology of invasive bacterial diseases among northern populations, which assists in formulation of prevention and control strategies, including immunization recommendations.

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confidence: 99%

Invasive Bacterial Diseases in Northern Canada

Degani

Navarro

Deeks

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…Serotype 1 S. pneumoniae is known to be associated with epidemics and outbreaks of pneumonia (11,12). Also, pneumonia caused by serotype 1 organisms are usually more severe than those caused by more common serotypes (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, pneumonia caused by serotype 1 organisms are usually more severe than those caused by more common serotypes (11). Infections caused by serotype 1 S. pneumoniae are common in the Inuit population of Canada and Greenland (12)(13)(14). This serotype was less frequently isolated in Alaska (15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a mass immunization campaign to cotrol an outbreak of severe respiratory infections in Nunavik, northern Canada

Ndiaye¹,

Wals²,

Proulx³

et al. 2006

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Objectives. In spring 2002, a mass immunization campaign using a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23-PPV) was launched in order to control an outbreak of severe pneumonia caused by a virulent clone of serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae in Nunavik, Quebec, Canada. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of this campaign on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and hospitalizations possibly associated with pneumococcal infections (HPAPI) in the mostly Inuit population aged 10 to 64 years. Study design. Retrospective analysis of surveillance and administrative data. Methods. Multivariate Poisson model comparing the frequency rates of selected outcomes before the outbreak, during the outbreak, and after implementation of the mass immunization program. Results. The reported incidence of serotype 1 IPD decreased markedly after the implementation of the vaccination campaign (rate ratio = 0.16; p < 0.002). The frequency of HPAPI and the mean duration of hospital stay also decreased. However, vaccine failures were documented and the HPAPI rate remained higher than in the period prior to the outbreak. Conclusions. Although 23-PPV contributed to control the outbreak, better vaccines are needed for the prevention of infections caused by serotype 1 S. pneumoniae. (Int J Circumpolar Health 2006; 65(4): 297-304).

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“…T he incidence of invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and several other bacteria is markedly higher in the Inuit populations of Alaska, Canada, and Greenland than in the non-Inuit populations of the same areas (1)(2)(3). The clinical extent of invasive disease caused by S. pneumoniae is severe; sequelae and case-fatality rates are almost 4× higher in native than in nonnative populations (1,4).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The clinical extent of invasive disease caused by S. pneumoniae is severe; sequelae and case-fatality rates are almost 4× higher in native than in nonnative populations (1,4). As living conditions in Arctic populations in many ways are comparable, an international, cooperative, population-based surveillance for invasive diseases was established in 1999 (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Population-based Survey of Invasive Bacterial Diseases, Greenland, 1995–2004

Meyer

Ladefoged

Poulsen

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Invasive bacterial disease occurs frequently among native populations in the Arctic. Although a variety of bacteria are involved in invasive bacterial disease in Greenland, Streptococcus pneumoniae , Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , and other staphylococci are responsible for most cases (69%); incidence varies according to region and ethnicity.

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Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Greenland

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Invasive Bacterial Diseases in Northern Canada

Invasive Bacterial Diseases in Northern Canada

Impact of a mass immunization campaign to cotrol an outbreak of severe respiratory infections in Nunavik, northern Canada

Population-based Survey of Invasive Bacterial Diseases, Greenland, 1995–2004

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