2021
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab478
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Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis Complicating Noninfluenza Respiratory Viral Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Abstract: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is increasingly recognized as a complication of severe influenza and coronavirus disease-2019. The extent to which other respiratory viral infections (RVIs) predispose to IPA is unclear. We performed a retrospective review of IPA occurring within 90-days of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza or adenovirus infections (non-influenza respiratory viral infections; NI-RVI) in patients who underwent solid organ transplant between 1/15/2011 and 12/19/2017. At media… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…Respiratory viruses can damage the epithelial layer, leading to denudation, basement membrane exposure, and subsequent pathogen adherence and invasion. Steroids, particularly at higher doses, can compromise alveolar macrophage phagocytosis, predisposing patients to Aspergillus invasion [5] . Our study showed that the incidence of IPA in adult patients with IFV pneumonia was higher than that in non-IFV patients, but it is unclear why influenza patients have higher risk for IPA than patients with other virus infection; respiratory epithelium damage and mucociliary clearance dysfunction might facilitate the invasion of Aspergillus .…”
mentioning
confidence: 65%
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“…Respiratory viruses can damage the epithelial layer, leading to denudation, basement membrane exposure, and subsequent pathogen adherence and invasion. Steroids, particularly at higher doses, can compromise alveolar macrophage phagocytosis, predisposing patients to Aspergillus invasion [5] . Our study showed that the incidence of IPA in adult patients with IFV pneumonia was higher than that in non-IFV patients, but it is unclear why influenza patients have higher risk for IPA than patients with other virus infection; respiratory epithelium damage and mucociliary clearance dysfunction might facilitate the invasion of Aspergillus .…”
mentioning
confidence: 65%
“…Diagnostic criteria were set according to the revised definitions of invasive fungal diseases by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group [5] . IPA diagnosis was defined as having clinical features and microbiological evidence of IPA.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has been proposed that viral infections alter the respiratory epithelium and the function of the airways, delay tissue repair, modify cell function, and decrease the recruitment of neutrophils at the alveolar level, favoring infection and invasion by Aspergillus spp 3,4 . Infection with viruses such as influenza, PIV, RSV, ADV, and SARS‐CoV‐2 have been shown to be risk factors for developing IPA 4–7 . In the SOT population, Neofytos et al.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Improving our knowledge of the host immune response to IPA is critical to the advancement of therapies and vaccines. Notably, IPA can also complicate other viral infections such as SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, and adenovirus [ 41 , 42 ]. Understanding how preceding viral infections, such as influenza, increase susceptibility to IPA will allow for new insights into fungal host defense.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%