Invasive Spartina alterniflora accelerates soil gross nitrogen transformations to optimize its nitrogen acquisition in an estuarine and coastal wetland of China

Latitudinal patterns and their climate drivers of the δ13C, δ15N, δ34S isotope signatures of Spartina alterniflora across plant life-death status: a global analysis

“…These traits are likely associated with the plant's invasive mechanisms. Previous studies have documented general patterns, such as linear or binomial, in plant height, stem diameter, leaf characteristics (leaf area, thickness, toughness, specific leaf area, dry matter content), shoot density, plant productivity, reproductive traits (seed set, seed production, seeding density, seed germination, first flower day, flowering culm, number of spikelets), ecostoichiometry (C, N, P, and their ratios), and leaf litter decomposition rate in response to increasing latitudes within the specified range (Kirwan et al, 2009;Liu W. et al, 2017;Liu W. et al, 2020;Chen et al, 2022;Cheng et al, 2022;Zhang et al, 2021a;Zheng et al, 2022). The latitudinal patterns of vegetative traits collectively regulate the growth, reproduction, and expansion of S. alterniflora through plastic deformation strategies.…”

“…accumulation of 13 C (Lin and da SL Sternberg, 1993; Essemine et al, Mao et al, 2023). When nutrient resources are limited, larger plants typically require a significant amount of nutrients to sustain rapid growth, resulting in a dilution of 15 N and a decrease in its accumulation within the plant (Hill et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2022). Moreover, an increase in dry matter content induces plant senescence, leading to a reduction in 15 N-related enzymes and influencing plant 15 N levels (Hessini, 2022;Xia et al, 2023a).…”

“…MAT and MAP play crucial roles in shaping latitude and influencing plant growth and reproduction (Yuan and Chen, 2009;Zhang et al, 2019;Xia et al, 2023a). Prior studies have demonstrated that temperature and precipitation contribute to the formation of linear or quadratic polynomial patterns in plant growth and reproductive traits (Kirwan et al, 2009;Liu W. et al, 2017Liu W. et al, 2020;Liu W. et al, 2022;Chen et al, 2022;Cheng et al, 2022;Zheng et al, 2022). Latitude changes increase environmental heterogeneity, especially in hydrothermal environments; Simultaneously, it shapes different plant traits to adapt to environmental changes.…”

“…Altered plant traits (including plant height, stem diameter, leaf traits, specific leaf area, dry matter content, shoot density, productivity, reproductive traits, ecostoichiometry, etc.) through phenotypic plasticity promote the probability of successful invasion by invasive species, recognized as important mechanisms for invasion (Maron et al, 2004;Kirwan et al, 2009;Liu W. et al, 2017;Liu W. et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2021a;Chen et al, 2022;Cheng et al, 2022;Liu W. et al, 2022;Zheng et al, 2022). In recent decades, research on plant traits has made good progress, and the introduction of new technologies, represented by stable isotopes, has provided new methods and ideas for exploring the mechanisms of invasive species (Hill et al, 2018;Watson et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2023).…”

Soil sulfide accumulation and stress mitigation of S. alterniflora by radial oxygen loss and iron enrichment in rhizosphere

“…In 1979, Spartina alterni ora (S. alterni ora) was introduced to China for its ecological role in beach protection and sediment stabilization (Xu et al 2020). S. alterni ora has strong adaptability to climate and was competitive against native species such as Scirpus mariqueter (S. mariqueter) due to its superior ecophysiological traits (e.g., rapid growth, well-developed belowground structures, and high reproductive capacity) (Xue et al 2018;Zhang et al 2019;Chen et al 2022). The successful invasion of S. alterni ora has signi cantly altered the structure and function of the coastal wetland ecosystem, e.g., affecting soil elemental distribution and transformation (Zuo et al 2020;Chen et al 2022).…”