This thesis includes three essays on empirical macroeconomics. The first chapter studies how informative business confidence is for investment growth, using US business confidence survey data for 1955Q1-2016Q4. Our main findings are: (i) business confidence has predictive ability for investment growth; (ii) remarkably, business confidence has superior forecasting power, relative to conventional predictors, for investment downturns over 1-3 quarter forecast horizons and for the sign of investment growth over a 2-quarter forecast horizon; and (iii) exogenous shifts in business confidence reflect short-lived non-fundamental factors, consistent with the 'animal spirits' view of investment. Our findings have implications for improving investment forecasts, developing new business cycle models, and studying the role of social and psychological factors determining investment growth. The second chapter explores the hypothesis that consumer confidence drives household investment. We use a survey-based consumer confidence measure in structural VAR analysis to identify a confidence shock. Household investment increases and follows a persistent hump-shaped response after a positive confidence shock. The responses of total hours-worked and output are also highly persistent. Confidence First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my main advisor Professor Hashmat Khan, Carleton University for his invaluable guidance, support and encouragement throughout the dissertation process. He taught me to be determined and motivated in following a research project to its end. Without his advice, patience and knowledge, I would have not been able to complete the dissertation.