Inventory model involving reworking of faulty products with three carbon policies under neutrosophic environment

Optimization of supply and demand matching in supply chain coupling mechanism

“…The optimal reliability 𝜃 * = 3 √︁ 𝑐 𝛽 𝐺 −1 ( 𝑝+𝑠−𝑤 𝑝+𝑠−𝑑 ). Since in this model, the supplier has no reason to produce more products than manufacturer's order quantity, but since the range of 3 √︁…”

“…Giri and Bardhan [17] also discuss the coordination of dual-channel supply chain disruption with a backup supplier. In addition, Barman et al [3], taking into account the challenges posed by deteriorating products and imperfect quality production within a neutrosophic environment, endeavor to construct a multi-objective framework for supply chain inventory management. As for more complex supply chain networks, Lotfi et al [31,32] consider frameworks of renewable energy or closed-loop supply, optimizing the network within the supply chain to enhance supply resilience and alleviate the pressure of supply shortages.…”

“…For manufacturer, the probability distribution function of downstream market demand is 𝐹 (•), and the probability density function is 𝑓 (•). Then manufacturer formulates her optimal order strategy based on the forecast of supplier's reliability, and the following shows equation ( 2) is rewritten as expected revenue model equation (3),…”

“…Since suppliers can be divided into completely reliable and incompletely reliable, the supplier's optimal wholesale price can be discussed in two cases Case 1. When the constraint 3 √︁ c 𝛽 𝐺 −1 ( 𝑝+𝑠−𝑤 𝑝+𝑠−𝑑 ) ≥ 1, the supplier is completely reliable, i.e., 𝜃 * = 1. Case 2.…”

“…Case 2. When the constraint 3 √︁ c 𝛽 𝐺 −1 ( 𝑝+𝑠−𝑤 𝑝+𝑠−𝑑 ) < 1, the supplier is not completely reliable at this time, i.e.,…”