Inverse Correlation Between Heart Rate Recovery and Metabolic Risks in Healthy Children and Adolescents

Lin, Lian Yu; Kuo, Hsu-Ko; Lai, Ling‐Ping; Lin, Jiunn Lee; Tseng, Chuen Den; Hwang, Juey‐Jen

doi:10.2337/dc07-2299

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…HRR may also be affected by other risk factors. Data from the study by Lin et al (23) show that HRR is inversely related to several risk factors, such as concentration of CRP, cholesterol, TGs and HDL-C, even in healthy children. Moreover, according to Brinkworth et al (24) reduction of excess body weight, another risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, leads to an improvement in HRR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate recovery, cardiac rehabilitation and erectile dysfunction in males with ischaemic heart disease

Kałka

Domagała²,

Rusiecki³

et al. 2015

Anatol J Cardiol

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Objective:Heart rate recovery (HRR) is a recognised marker used in clinical practice for assessing the risk of sudden cardiac death. Physical exercise leads to an improvement in HRR and has a proven beneficial effect on erection quality (EQ) related to the activity of the autonomic nervous system in men with ischaemic heart disease (IHD). This paper evaluates the relationship between HRR and EQ in patients with IHD and erectile dysfunction (ED) who underwent cardiac rehabilitation.Methods:The main analysis was based on the Mann–Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman correlation coefficient, Pearson’s chi-square test, chi-square test, with the Yates correction and (if possible) parametric tests were used. This prospective, non-randomised intervention study included 124 men with IHD and ED [International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) scores of ≤21]. Of these, 89 patients underwent a 6-month cardiac rehabilitation phase III programme, whereas 35 did not. The results of the participants’ total IIEF-5 scores and their HRR, demographic and clinical data were analysed.Results:The results of the 89 rehabilitated patients (mean age: 60.44±9.29 years) and 35 controls (mean age: 61.43±8.81 years) were analysed. In the rehabilitated patients, the mean baseline IIEF-5 score was 13.15±5.76 (95% CI: 11.93–14.36) and HRR was 16.49±7.68/min (95% CI: 14.88–18.11). After cardiac rehabilitation, the parameters of ED and HRR improved significantly and were significantly higher than those of the controls; the mean IIEF-5 score of the rehabilitated group increased to 15.36±6.51 (95% CI: 13.99–16.73), while HRR increased to 21.40±7.25/min (95% CI: 19.88–22.93). A significant correlation was found between ∆HRR and ∆EQ (r=0.409791) as a result of the 6-month cardiac training programmeConclusion:Cardiac rehabilitation assessed by HRR has a sizable effect on autonomic balance in patients with IHD and ED, which plays a significant role in the mechanism of erection improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate recovery, cardiac rehabilitation and erectile dysfunction in males with ischaemic heart disease

Kałka

Domagała²,

Rusiecki³

et al. 2015

Anatol J Cardiol

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“…The score was derived by converting each component of the metabolic risk factors, namely blood pressure, waist circumference, fasting glucose level, serum triglyceride level, and serum HDL level, into a Z score based on means of the study population. [20] The metabolic Z score was calculated by summation of the former four Z scores minus the HDL Z score. The relations of metabolic risk, by utilizing the composite metabolic Z score, to PWV and WML were assessed by using multiple linear regression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic risks, white matter hyperintensities, and arterial stiffness in high-functioning healthy adults

Kuo

Chen

Liu

et al. 2010

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…57 A higher heart rate, or a slower return of heart rate toward baseline after exercise typically signifies a lower level of aerobic fitness. In their sample of 993 youth, a slower rate of heart rate recovery from the exercise protocol, as indicated by the 3-min post-exercise heart rate, was directly related to MetS score.…”

Section: Dubose Et Al Examined the Relationship Between Mets And Aermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome in Youth: A Review

McMurray

Andersen

2009

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine

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This file was dowloaded from the institutional repository Brage NIH -brage.bibsys.no/nih McMurray, R. G., Andersen, L. B. (2010). The influence of exercise on metabolic syndrome in youth : a review. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 4(2), 176-186.Dette er siste tekst-versjon av artikkelen, og den kan inneholde ubetydelige forskjeller fra forlagets pdf-versjon. Forlagets pdf-versjon finner du på sagepub.com: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827609351234This is the final text version of the article, and it may contain insignificant differences from the journal's pdf version. used growth curve modeling to develop age and sex-specific criteria for MetS in youth based on the accepted criteria for adults. This approach is logical because the risk factors have a propensity to track from childhood through adulthood and the adult risk factor cut-points are clearly associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. 13 The most biologically meaningful approach may be to select the children where risk factors were not independently distributed, as done by Andersen et al. in 2003. 14 Another approach used in publication from the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS) is to develop an age and sex-specific metabolic risk score based on z-scores for each of the MetS characteristics. 15--17 The authors argue that since there is no accepted definition of MetS in children, the z-score provide a continuous score which may be more appropriate for investigating associations. Dichotomization of each variable causes reduction in the information and therefore the diagnostic value. One system used a standardized score developed as a sum each of seven criteria (insulin, glucose, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, skinfolds, diastolic and systolic blood pressure). The standardized score used the subjects value minus sample mean, divided by standard deviation to produce a continuous overall MetS risk score. 17 The lower the standard score the more favorable the overall profile. However, this score has the problem because it lacks a cut-point above which to identify MetS. An identifying cut-point was found through another analysis where upper quartile in each risk factor was defined to be at risk, and the number of risk factors was then summed in each child. By using this approach the authors were able to calculate when risk factors were not independently distributed. An independent distribution of the risk factors would follow a binominal distribution, and the authors calculated for each number of risk factors if there were more children than expected from the binominal distribution. This approach selected between 10-15% of the children to have clustered risk, and the cut point in the continuous z-score could now be defined. 19 Since this approach was studyspecific comparisons with other studies could be difficult. However, data were available from three different countries, and it turned out that almost the same z-score defined clustered risk in the different populations, which may indicate that cut points may not be population ...

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Inverse Correlation Between Heart Rate Recovery and Metabolic Risks in Healthy Children and Adolescents

Cited by 39 publications

References 24 publications

Heart rate recovery, cardiac rehabilitation and erectile dysfunction in males with ischaemic heart disease

Heart rate recovery, cardiac rehabilitation and erectile dysfunction in males with ischaemic heart disease

Metabolic risks, white matter hyperintensities, and arterial stiffness in high-functioning healthy adults

The Influence of Exercise on Metabolic Syndrome in Youth: A Review

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