Inverse design of ultra-compact photonic gates for all-optical logic operations

Abstract

Logic gates have great importance in realization of rapid data transmission as well as low loss transfers. In this paper, a multi-objective inverse-design approach is implemented by using objective-first algorithm to design optical AND, OR, NAND and NOT logic gates on Si- platform at the design wavelength of 1.30 μm. For all gates, the design area is fixed to 2.24 μm × 2.24 μm. The optical logic “1” output is accepted to be optical power values greater than 0.8 times of the input optical power. By implementing a Bias waveguide as well as two input ports, we made it possible to achieve logic “1” output for logic operations having no inputs such as “0 NAND 0 = 1” and “0 NOT = 1”. We binarized the proposed logic gates, and then numerically analyzed them by using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Proposed AND gate yields 1.20 times of input power for “1 AND 1 = 1” logic operation and highest logic “0” is obtained for logic operation of “1 AND 0 = 0” as 0.40 times of the input power at the operating wavelength. It is also observed that proposed logic gates can operate not only at the design wavelength of 1.30 μm but also at broad wavelength regions as well. Finally, we demonstrate that it is possible to carry out complex logic operations by combining the proposed logic AND, OR and NAND gates to construct an XOR gate in the same platform.

Recent progress on inverse design for integrated photonic devices: methodology and applications

“…Four-port device structures with small footprint of 1.2×1.2 μm lead to short respond time <25 ps. Reference 86 demonstrated AND, OR, NAND, and NOT logic gates on SOI platform by a multi-objective TO method. To design logic gate with multiple targets, subobjectives for each logic operation have been defined and summed.…”

All-Optical XOR, AND, OR, NOT, NOR, NAND, and XNOR Logic Operations Based on M-Shaped Silicon Waveguides at 1.55 μm

“…A comparison of our waveguide with the other published designs-based optical logic operations [ 11 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 22 , 23 , 34 , 35 , 40 , 41 ] is given in Table 8 . This comparison includes both theoretical and practical results using various optical structures.…”

“…On the other hand, optical logic operations can have potential advantages in terms of speed and energy efficiency as compared to traditional electronic circuits [ 9 , 10 ]. Indeed, optical logic gates have recently been designed and/or constructed utilizing a variety of waveguide designs [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. Implementing complete optical computing systems based on optical logic functions is a challenging task because it involves maintaining signal integrity over long distances, dealing with issues such as signal loss and dispersion, and developing practical devices that can be integrated into larger systems.…”

Parallelized and Cascadable Optical Logic Operations by Few-Layer Diffractive Optical Neural Network

“…As a matter of fact, a variety of optical techniques have been applied to make optic logic gates, such as photonic crystals [18,19], plasmonic waveguides [20], silicon waveguides [21][22][23], metasurfaces [24].In addition to these techniques, single-pixel imaging [25] and semiconductor optical amplifiers [26] are examples. The study of optical logic gates is of importance and relevance because optical logic gate operations are regarded as the most fundamental issue regarding all-optical information processing systems.…”